libs/smux/OCTET_STRING.c

   1 /*-
   2  * Copyright (c) 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>.
   3  * All rights reserved.
   4  * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
   5  */
   6 #include <asn_internal.h>
   7 #include <OCTET_STRING.h>
   8 #include <BIT_STRING.h> /* for .bits_unused member */
   9 #include <errno.h>
  10
  11 /*
  12  * OCTET STRING basic type description.
  13  */
  14 static const ber_tlv_tag_t asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_tags[] = {
  15         (ASN_TAG_CLASS_UNIVERSAL | (4 << 2))
  16 };
  17 static const asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_specs = {
  18         sizeof(OCTET_STRING_t),
  19         offsetof(OCTET_STRING_t, _asn_ctx),
  20         ASN_OSUBV_STR
  21 };
  22 static const asn_per_constraints_t asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_constraints = {
  23         { APC_CONSTRAINED, 8, 8, 0, 255 },
  24         { APC_SEMI_CONSTRAINED, -1, -1, 0, 0 },
  25         0, 0
  26 };
  27 asn_TYPE_descriptor_t asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING = {
  28         "OCTET STRING",         /* Canonical name */
  29         "OCTET_STRING",         /* XML tag name */
  30         OCTET_STRING_free,
  31         OCTET_STRING_print,     /* non-ascii stuff, generally */
  32         asn_generic_no_constraint,
  33         OCTET_STRING_decode_ber,
  34         OCTET_STRING_encode_der,
  35         OCTET_STRING_decode_xer_hex,
  36         OCTET_STRING_encode_xer,
  37         OCTET_STRING_decode_uper,       /* Unaligned PER decoder */
  38         OCTET_STRING_encode_uper,       /* Unaligned PER encoder */
  39         0, /* Use generic outmost tag fetcher */
  40         asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_tags,
  41         sizeof(asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_tags)
  42           / sizeof(asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_tags[0]),
  43         asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_tags,      /* Same as above */
  44         sizeof(asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_tags)
  45           / sizeof(asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_tags[0]),
  46         0,      /* No PER visible constraints */
  47         0, 0,   /* No members */
  48         &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_specs
  49 };
  50
  51 #undef  _CH_PHASE
  52 #undef  NEXT_PHASE
  53 #undef  PREV_PHASE
  54 #define _CH_PHASE(ctx, inc) do {                                        \
  55                 if(ctx->phase == 0)                                     \
  56                         ctx->context = 0;                               \
  57                 ctx->phase += inc;                                      \
  58         } while(0)
  59 #define NEXT_PHASE(ctx) _CH_PHASE(ctx, +1)
  60 #define PREV_PHASE(ctx) _CH_PHASE(ctx, -1)
  61
  62 #undef  ADVANCE
  63 #define ADVANCE(num_bytes)      do {                                    \
  64                 size_t num = (num_bytes);                               \
  65                 buf_ptr = ((const char *)buf_ptr) + num;                \
  66                 size -= num;                                            \
  67                 consumed_myself += num;                                 \
  68         } while(0)
  69
  70 #undef  RETURN
  71 #define RETURN(_code)   do {                                            \
  72                 asn_dec_rval_t tmprval;                                 \
  73                 tmprval.code = _code;                                   \
  74                 tmprval.consumed = consumed_myself;                     \
  75                 return tmprval;                                         \
  76         } while(0)
  77
  78 #undef  APPEND
  79 #define APPEND(bufptr, bufsize) do {                                    \
  80                 size_t _bs = (bufsize);         /* Append size */       \
  81                 size_t _ns = ctx->context;      /* Allocated now */     \
  82                 size_t _es = st->size + _bs;    /* Expected size */     \
  83                 /* int is really a typeof(st->size): */                 \
  84                 if((int)_es < 0) RETURN(RC_FAIL);                       \
  85                 if(_ns <= _es) {                                        \
  86                         void *ptr;                                      \
  87                         /* Be nice and round to the memory allocator */ \
  88                         do { _ns = _ns ? _ns << 1 : 16; }               \
  89                             while(_ns <= _es);                          \
  90                         /* int is really a typeof(st->size): */         \
  91                         if((int)_ns < 0) RETURN(RC_FAIL);               \
  92                         ptr = REALLOC(st->buf, _ns);                    \
  93                         if(ptr) {                                       \
  94                                 st->buf = (uint8_t *)ptr;               \
  95                                 ctx->context = _ns;                     \
  96                         } else {                                        \
  97                                 RETURN(RC_FAIL);                        \
  98                         }                                               \
  99                         ASN_DEBUG("Reallocating into %ld", (long)_ns);  \
 100                 }                                                       \
 101                 memcpy(st->buf + st->size, bufptr, _bs);                \
 102                 /* Convenient nul-termination */                        \
 103                 st->buf[_es] = '\0';                                    \
 104                 st->size = _es;                                         \
 105         } while(0)
 106
 107 /*
 108  * The main reason why ASN.1 is still alive is that too much time and effort
 109  * is necessary for learning it more or less adequately, thus creating a gut
 110  * necessity to demonstrate that aquired skill everywhere afterwards.
 111  * No, I am not going to explain what the following stuff is.
 112  */
 113 struct _stack_el {
 114         ber_tlv_len_t   left;   /* What's left to read (or -1) */
 115         ber_tlv_len_t   got;    /* What was actually processed */
 116         int     cont_level;     /* Depth of subcontainment */
 117         int     want_nulls;     /* Want null "end of content" octets? */
 118         int     bits_chopped;   /* Flag in BIT STRING mode */
 119         ber_tlv_tag_t   tag;    /* For debugging purposes */
 120         struct _stack_el *prev;
 121         struct _stack_el *next;
 122 };
 123 struct _stack {
 124         struct _stack_el *tail;
 125         struct _stack_el *cur_ptr;
 126 };
 127
 128 static struct _stack_el *
 129 OS__add_stack_el(struct _stack *st) {
 130         struct _stack_el *nel;
 131
 132         /*
 133          * Reuse the old stack frame or allocate a new one.
 134          */
 135         if(st->cur_ptr && st->cur_ptr->next) {
 136                 nel = st->cur_ptr->next;
 137                 nel->bits_chopped = 0;
 138                 nel->got = 0;
 139                 /* Retain the nel->cont_level, it's correct. */
 140         } else {
 141                 nel = (struct _stack_el *)CALLOC(1, sizeof(struct _stack_el));
 142                 if(nel == NULL)
 143                         return NULL;
 144
 145                 if(st->tail) {
 146                         /* Increase a subcontainment depth */
 147                         nel->cont_level = st->tail->cont_level + 1;
 148                         st->tail->next = nel;
 149                 }
 150                 nel->prev = st->tail;
 151                 st->tail = nel;
 152         }
 153
 154         st->cur_ptr = nel;
 155
 156         return nel;
 157 }
 158
 159 static struct _stack *
 160 _new_stack() {
 161         return (struct _stack *)CALLOC(1, sizeof(struct _stack));
 162 }
 163
 164 /*
 165  * Decode OCTET STRING type.
 166  */
 167 asn_dec_rval_t
 168 OCTET_STRING_decode_ber(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
 169         asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
 170         void **sptr, const void *buf_ptr, size_t size, int tag_mode) {
 171         asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t *specs = td->specifics
 172                                 ? (asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t *)td->specifics
 173                                 : &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_specs;
 174         BIT_STRING_t *st = (BIT_STRING_t *)*sptr;
 175         asn_dec_rval_t rval;
 176         asn_struct_ctx_t *ctx;
 177         ssize_t consumed_myself = 0;
 178         struct _stack *stck;            /* Expectations stack structure */
 179         struct _stack_el *sel = 0;      /* Stack element */
 180         int tlv_constr;
 181         enum asn_OS_Subvariant type_variant = specs->subvariant;
 182
 183         ASN_DEBUG("Decoding %s as %s (frame %ld)",
 184                 td->name,
 185                 (type_variant == ASN_OSUBV_STR) ?
 186                         "OCTET STRING" : "OS-SpecialCase",
 187                 (long)size);
 188
 189         /*
 190          * Create the string if does not exist.
 191          */
 192         if(st == NULL) {
 193                 st = (BIT_STRING_t *)(*sptr = CALLOC(1, specs->struct_size));
 194                 if(st == NULL) RETURN(RC_FAIL);
 195         }
 196
 197         /* Restore parsing context */
 198         ctx = (asn_struct_ctx_t *)((char *)st + specs->ctx_offset);
 199
 200         switch(ctx->phase) {
 201         case 0:
 202                 /*
 203                  * Check tags.
 204                  */
 205                 rval = ber_check_tags(opt_codec_ctx, td, ctx,
 206                         buf_ptr, size, tag_mode, -1,
 207                         &ctx->left, &tlv_constr);
 208                 if(rval.code != RC_OK)
 209                         return rval;
 210
 211                 if(tlv_constr) {
 212                         /*
 213                          * Complex operation, requires stack of expectations.
 214                          */
 215                         ctx->ptr = _new_stack();
 216                         if(ctx->ptr) {
 217                                 stck = (struct _stack *)ctx->ptr;
 218                         } else {
 219                                 RETURN(RC_FAIL);
 220                         }
 221                 } else {
 222                         /*
 223                          * Jump into stackless primitive decoding.
 224                          */
 225                         _CH_PHASE(ctx, 3);
 226                         if(type_variant == ASN_OSUBV_ANY && tag_mode != 1)
 227                                 APPEND(buf_ptr, rval.consumed);
 228                         ADVANCE(rval.consumed);
 229                         goto phase3;
 230                 }
 231
 232                 NEXT_PHASE(ctx);
 233                 /* Fall through */
 234         case 1:
 235         phase1:
 236                 /*
 237                  * Fill the stack with expectations.
 238                  */
 239                 stck = (struct _stack *)ctx->ptr;
 240                 sel = stck->cur_ptr;
 241           do {
 242                 ber_tlv_tag_t tlv_tag;
 243                 ber_tlv_len_t tlv_len;
 244                 ber_tlv_tag_t expected_tag;
 245                 ssize_t tl, ll, tlvl;
 246                                 /* This one works even if (sel->left == -1) */
 247                 ssize_t Left = ((!sel||(size_t)sel->left >= size)
 248                                         ?(ssize_t)size:sel->left);
 249
 250
 251                 ASN_DEBUG("%p, s->l=%ld, s->wn=%ld, s->g=%ld\n", sel,
 252                         (long)(sel?sel->left:0),
 253                         (long)(sel?sel->want_nulls:0),
 254                         (long)(sel?sel->got:0)
 255                 );
 256                 if(sel && sel->left <= 0 && sel->want_nulls == 0) {
 257                         if(sel->prev) {
 258                                 struct _stack_el *prev = sel->prev;
 259                                 if(prev->left != -1) {
 260                                         if(prev->left < sel->got)
 261                                                 RETURN(RC_FAIL);
 262                                         prev->left -= sel->got;
 263                                 }
 264                                 prev->got += sel->got;
 265                                 sel = stck->cur_ptr = prev;
 266                                 if(!sel) break;
 267                                 tlv_constr = 1;
 268                                 continue;
 269                         } else {
 270                                 sel = stck->cur_ptr = 0;
 271                                 break;  /* Nothing to wait */
 272                         }
 273                 }
 274
 275                 tl = ber_fetch_tag(buf_ptr, Left, &tlv_tag);
 276                 ASN_DEBUG("fetch tag(size=%ld,L=%ld), %sstack, left=%ld, wn=%ld, tl=%ld",
 277                         (long)size, (long)Left, sel?"":"!",
 278                         (long)(sel?sel->left:0),
 279                         (long)(sel?sel->want_nulls:0),
 280                         (long)tl);
 281                 switch(tl) {
 282                 case -1: RETURN(RC_FAIL);
 283                 case 0: RETURN(RC_WMORE);
 284                 }
 285
 286                 tlv_constr = BER_TLV_CONSTRUCTED(buf_ptr);
 287
 288                 ll = ber_fetch_length(tlv_constr,
 289                                 (const char *)buf_ptr + tl,Left - tl,&tlv_len);
 290                 ASN_DEBUG("Got tag=%s, tc=%d, left=%ld, tl=%ld, len=%ld, ll=%ld",
 291                         ber_tlv_tag_string(tlv_tag), tlv_constr,
 292                                 (long)Left, (long)tl, (long)tlv_len, (long)ll);
 293                 switch(ll) {
 294                 case -1: RETURN(RC_FAIL);
 295                 case 0: RETURN(RC_WMORE);
 296                 }
 297
 298                 if(sel && sel->want_nulls
 299                         && ((const uint8_t *)buf_ptr)[0] == 0
 300                         && ((const uint8_t *)buf_ptr)[1] == 0)
 301                 {
 302
 303                         ASN_DEBUG("Eat EOC; wn=%d--", sel->want_nulls);
 304
 305                         if(type_variant == ASN_OSUBV_ANY
 306                         && (tag_mode != 1 || sel->cont_level))
 307                                 APPEND("\0\0", 2);
 308
 309                         ADVANCE(2);
 310                         sel->got += 2;
 311                         if(sel->left != -1) {
 312                                 sel->left -= 2; /* assert(sel->left >= 2) */
 313                         }
 314
 315                         sel->want_nulls--;
 316                         if(sel->want_nulls == 0) {
 317                                 /* Move to the next expectation */
 318                                 sel->left = 0;
 319                                 tlv_constr = 1;
 320                         }
 321
 322                         continue;
 323                 }
 324
 325                 /*
 326                  * Set up expected tags,
 327                  * depending on ASN.1 type being decoded.
 328                  */
 329                 switch(type_variant) {
 330                 case ASN_OSUBV_BIT:
 331                         /* X.690: 8.6.4.1, NOTE 2 */
 332                         /* Fall through */
 333                 case ASN_OSUBV_STR:
 334                 default:
 335                         if(sel) {
 336                                 int level = sel->cont_level;
 337                                 if(level < td->all_tags_count) {
 338                                         expected_tag = td->all_tags[level];
 339                                         break;
 340                                 } else if(td->all_tags_count) {
 341                                         expected_tag = td->all_tags
 342                                                 [td->all_tags_count - 1];
 343                                         break;
 344                                 }
 345                                 /* else, Fall through */
 346                         }
 347                         /* Fall through */
 348                 case ASN_OSUBV_ANY:
 349                         expected_tag = tlv_tag;
 350                         break;
 351                 }
 352
 353
 354                 if(tlv_tag != expected_tag) {
 355                         char buf[2][32];
 356                         ber_tlv_tag_snprint(tlv_tag,
 357                                 buf[0], sizeof(buf[0]));
 358                         ber_tlv_tag_snprint(td->tags[td->tags_count-1],
 359                                 buf[1], sizeof(buf[1]));
 360                         ASN_DEBUG("Tag does not match expectation: %s != %s",
 361                                 buf[0], buf[1]);
 362                         RETURN(RC_FAIL);
 363                 }
 364
 365                 tlvl = tl + ll; /* Combined length of T and L encoding */
 366                 if((tlv_len + tlvl) < 0) {
 367                         /* tlv_len value is too big */
 368                         ASN_DEBUG("TLV encoding + length (%ld) is too big",
 369                                 (long)tlv_len);
 370                         RETURN(RC_FAIL);
 371                 }
 372
 373                 /*
 374                  * Append a new expectation.
 375                  */
 376                 sel = OS__add_stack_el(stck);
 377                 if(!sel) RETURN(RC_FAIL);
 378
 379                 sel->tag = tlv_tag;
 380
 381                 sel->want_nulls = (tlv_len==-1);
 382                 if(sel->prev && sel->prev->left != -1) {
 383                         /* Check that the parent frame is big enough */
 384                         if(sel->prev->left < tlvl + (tlv_len==-1?0:tlv_len))
 385                                 RETURN(RC_FAIL);
 386                         if(tlv_len == -1)
 387                                 sel->left = sel->prev->left - tlvl;
 388                         else
 389                                 sel->left = tlv_len;
 390                 } else {
 391                         sel->left = tlv_len;
 392                 }
 393                 if(type_variant == ASN_OSUBV_ANY
 394                 && (tag_mode != 1 || sel->cont_level))
 395                         APPEND(buf_ptr, tlvl);
 396                 sel->got += tlvl;
 397                 ADVANCE(tlvl);
 398
 399                 ASN_DEBUG("+EXPECT2 got=%ld left=%ld, wn=%d, clvl=%d",
 400                         (long)sel->got, (long)sel->left,
 401                         sel->want_nulls, sel->cont_level);
 402
 403           } while(tlv_constr);
 404                 if(sel == NULL) {
 405                         /* Finished operation, "phase out" */
 406                         ASN_DEBUG("Phase out");
 407                         _CH_PHASE(ctx, +3);
 408                         break;
 409                 }
 410
 411                 NEXT_PHASE(ctx);
 412                 /* Fall through */
 413         case 2:
 414                 stck = (struct _stack *)ctx->ptr;
 415                 sel = stck->cur_ptr;
 416                 ASN_DEBUG("Phase 2: Need %ld bytes, size=%ld, alrg=%ld, wn=%d",
 417                         (long)sel->left, (long)size, (long)sel->got,
 418                                 sel->want_nulls);
 419             {
 420                 ber_tlv_len_t len;
 421
 422                 assert(sel->left >= 0);
 423
 424                 len = ((ber_tlv_len_t)size < sel->left)
 425                                 ? (ber_tlv_len_t)size : sel->left;
 426                 if(len > 0) {
 427                         if(type_variant == ASN_OSUBV_BIT
 428                         && sel->bits_chopped == 0) {
 429                                 /* Put the unused-bits-octet away */
 430                                 st->bits_unused = *(const uint8_t *)buf_ptr;
 431                                 APPEND(((const char *)buf_ptr+1), (len - 1));
 432                                 sel->bits_chopped = 1;
 433                         } else {
 434                                 APPEND(buf_ptr, len);
 435                         }
 436                         ADVANCE(len);
 437                         sel->left -= len;
 438                         sel->got += len;
 439                 }
 440
 441                 if(sel->left) {
 442                         ASN_DEBUG("OS left %ld, size = %ld, wn=%d\n",
 443                                 (long)sel->left, (long)size, sel->want_nulls);
 444                         RETURN(RC_WMORE);
 445                 }
 446
 447                 PREV_PHASE(ctx);
 448                 goto phase1;
 449             }
 450                 break;
 451         case 3:
 452         phase3:
 453                 /*
 454                  * Primitive form, no stack required.
 455                  */
 456                 assert(ctx->left >= 0);
 457
 458                 if(size < (size_t)ctx->left) {
 459                         if(!size) RETURN(RC_WMORE);
 460                         if(type_variant == ASN_OSUBV_BIT && !ctx->context) {
 461                                 st->bits_unused = *(const uint8_t *)buf_ptr;
 462                                 ctx->left--;
 463                                 ADVANCE(1);
 464                         }
 465                         APPEND(buf_ptr, size);
 466                         assert(ctx->context > 0);
 467                         ctx->left -= size;
 468                         ADVANCE(size);
 469                         RETURN(RC_WMORE);
 470                 } else {
 471                         if(type_variant == ASN_OSUBV_BIT
 472                         && !ctx->context && ctx->left) {
 473                                 st->bits_unused = *(const uint8_t *)buf_ptr;
 474                                 ctx->left--;
 475                                 ADVANCE(1);
 476                         }
 477                         APPEND(buf_ptr, ctx->left);
 478                         ADVANCE(ctx->left);
 479                         ctx->left = 0;
 480
 481                         NEXT_PHASE(ctx);
 482                 }
 483                 break;
 484         }
 485
 486         if(sel) {
 487                 ASN_DEBUG("3sel p=%p, wn=%d, l=%ld, g=%ld, size=%ld",
 488                         sel->prev, sel->want_nulls,
 489                         (long)sel->left, (long)sel->got, (long)size);
 490                 if(sel->prev || sel->want_nulls > 1 || sel->left > 0) {
 491                         RETURN(RC_WMORE);
 492                 }
 493         }
 494
 495         /*
 496          * BIT STRING-specific processing.
 497          */
 498         if(type_variant == ASN_OSUBV_BIT && st->size) {
 499                 /* Finalize BIT STRING: zero out unused bits. */
 500                 st->buf[st->size-1] &= 0xff << st->bits_unused;
 501         }
 502
 503         ASN_DEBUG("Took %ld bytes to encode %s: [%s]:%ld",
 504                 (long)consumed_myself, td->name,
 505                 (type_variant == ASN_OSUBV_STR) ? (char *)st->buf : "<data>",
 506                 (long)st->size);
 507
 508
 509         RETURN(RC_OK);
 510 }
 511
 512 /*
 513  * Encode OCTET STRING type using DER.
 514  */
 515 asn_enc_rval_t
 516 OCTET_STRING_encode_der(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr,
 517         int tag_mode, ber_tlv_tag_t tag,
 518         asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
 519         asn_enc_rval_t er;
 520         asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t *specs = td->specifics
 521                                 ? (asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t *)td->specifics
 522                                 : &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_specs;
 523         BIT_STRING_t *st = (BIT_STRING_t *)sptr;
 524         enum asn_OS_Subvariant type_variant = specs->subvariant;
 525         int fix_last_byte = 0;
 526
 527         ASN_DEBUG("%s %s as OCTET STRING",
 528                 cb?"Estimating":"Encoding", td->name);
 529
 530         /*
 531          * Write tags.
 532          */
 533         if(type_variant != ASN_OSUBV_ANY || tag_mode == 1) {
 534                 er.encoded = der_write_tags(td,
 535                                 (type_variant == ASN_OSUBV_BIT) + st->size,
 536                         tag_mode, type_variant == ASN_OSUBV_ANY, tag,
 537                         cb, app_key);
 538                 if(er.encoded == -1) {
 539                         er.failed_type = td;
 540                         er.structure_ptr = sptr;
 541                         return er;
 542                 }
 543         } else {
 544                 /* Disallow: [<tag>] IMPLICIT ANY */
 545                 assert(type_variant != ASN_OSUBV_ANY || tag_mode != -1);
 546                 er.encoded = 0;
 547         }
 548
 549         if(!cb) {
 550                 er.encoded += (type_variant == ASN_OSUBV_BIT) + st->size;
 551                 ASN__ENCODED_OK(er);
 552         }
 553
 554         /*
 555          * Prepare to deal with the last octet of BIT STRING.
 556          */
 557         if(type_variant == ASN_OSUBV_BIT) {
 558                 uint8_t b = st->bits_unused & 0x07;
 559                 if(b && st->size) fix_last_byte = 1;
 560                 ASN__CALLBACK(&b, 1);
 561                 er.encoded++;
 562         }
 563
 564         /* Invoke callback for the main part of the buffer */
 565         ASN__CALLBACK(st->buf, st->size - fix_last_byte);
 566
 567         /* The last octet should be stripped off the unused bits */
 568         if(fix_last_byte) {
 569                 uint8_t b = st->buf[st->size-1] & (0xff << st->bits_unused);
 570                 ASN__CALLBACK(&b, 1);
 571         }
 572
 573         er.encoded += st->size;
 574         ASN__ENCODED_OK(er);
 575 cb_failed:
 576         ASN__ENCODE_FAILED;
 577 }
 578
 579 asn_enc_rval_t
 580 OCTET_STRING_encode_xer(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr,
 581         int ilevel, enum xer_encoder_flags_e flags,
 582                 asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
 583         const char * const h2c = "0123456789ABCDEF";
 584         const OCTET_STRING_t *st = (const OCTET_STRING_t *)sptr;
 585         asn_enc_rval_t er;
 586         char scratch[16 * 3 + 4];
 587         char *p = scratch;
 588         uint8_t *buf;
 589         uint8_t *end;
 590         size_t i;
 591
 592         if(!st || (!st->buf && st->size))
 593                 ASN__ENCODE_FAILED;
 594
 595         er.encoded = 0;
 596
 597         /*
 598          * Dump the contents of the buffer in hexadecimal.
 599          */
 600         buf = st->buf;
 601         end = buf + st->size;
 602         if(flags & XER_F_CANONICAL) {
 603                 char *scend = scratch + (sizeof(scratch) - 2);
 604                 for(; buf < end; buf++) {
 605                         if(p >= scend) {
 606                                 ASN__CALLBACK(scratch, p - scratch);
 607                                 er.encoded += p - scratch;
 608                                 p = scratch;
 609                         }
 610                         *p++ = h2c[(*buf >> 4) & 0x0F];
 611                         *p++ = h2c[*buf & 0x0F];
 612                 }
 613
 614                 ASN__CALLBACK(scratch, p-scratch);      /* Dump the rest */
 615                 er.encoded += p - scratch;
 616         } else {
 617                 for(i = 0; buf < end; buf++, i++) {
 618                         if(!(i % 16) && (i || st->size > 16)) {
 619                                 ASN__CALLBACK(scratch, p-scratch);
 620                                 er.encoded += (p-scratch);
 621                                 p = scratch;
 622                                 ASN__TEXT_INDENT(1, ilevel);
 623                         }
 624                         *p++ = h2c[(*buf >> 4) & 0x0F];
 625                         *p++ = h2c[*buf & 0x0F];
 626                         *p++ = 0x20;
 627                 }
 628                 if(p - scratch) {
 629                         p--;    /* Remove the tail space */
 630                         ASN__CALLBACK(scratch, p-scratch); /* Dump the rest */
 631                         er.encoded += p - scratch;
 632                         if(st->size > 16)
 633                                 ASN__TEXT_INDENT(1, ilevel-1);
 634                 }
 635         }
 636
 637         ASN__ENCODED_OK(er);
 638 cb_failed:
 639         ASN__ENCODE_FAILED;
 640 }
 641
 642 static const struct OCTET_STRING__xer_escape_table_s {
 643         const char *string;
 644         int size;
 645 } OCTET_STRING__xer_escape_table[] = {
 646 #define OSXET(s)        { s, sizeof(s) - 1 }
 647         OSXET("\074\156\165\154\057\076"),      /* <nul/> */
 648         OSXET("\074\163\157\150\057\076"),      /* <soh/> */
 649         OSXET("\074\163\164\170\057\076"),      /* <stx/> */
 650         OSXET("\074\145\164\170\057\076"),      /* <etx/> */
 651         OSXET("\074\145\157\164\057\076"),      /* <eot/> */
 652         OSXET("\074\145\156\161\057\076"),      /* <enq/> */
 653         OSXET("\074\141\143\153\057\076"),      /* <ack/> */
 654         OSXET("\074\142\145\154\057\076"),      /* <bel/> */
 655         OSXET("\074\142\163\057\076"),          /* <bs/> */
 656         OSXET("\011"),                          /* \t */
 657         OSXET("\012"),                          /* \n */
 658         OSXET("\074\166\164\057\076"),          /* <vt/> */
 659         OSXET("\074\146\146\057\076"),          /* <ff/> */
 660         OSXET("\015"),                          /* \r */
 661         OSXET("\074\163\157\057\076"),          /* <so/> */
 662         OSXET("\074\163\151\057\076"),          /* <si/> */
 663         OSXET("\074\144\154\145\057\076"),      /* <dle/> */
 664         OSXET("\074\144\143\061\057\076"),      /* <de1/> */
 665         OSXET("\074\144\143\062\057\076"),      /* <de2/> */
 666         OSXET("\074\144\143\063\057\076"),      /* <de3/> */
 667         OSXET("\074\144\143\064\057\076"),      /* <de4/> */
 668         OSXET("\074\156\141\153\057\076"),      /* <nak/> */
 669         OSXET("\074\163\171\156\057\076"),      /* <syn/> */
 670         OSXET("\074\145\164\142\057\076"),      /* <etb/> */
 671         OSXET("\074\143\141\156\057\076"),      /* <can/> */
 672         OSXET("\074\145\155\057\076"),          /* <em/> */
 673         OSXET("\074\163\165\142\057\076"),      /* <sub/> */
 674         OSXET("\074\145\163\143\057\076"),      /* <esc/> */
 675         OSXET("\074\151\163\064\057\076"),      /* <is4/> */
 676         OSXET("\074\151\163\063\057\076"),      /* <is3/> */
 677         OSXET("\074\151\163\062\057\076"),      /* <is2/> */
 678         OSXET("\074\151\163\061\057\076"),      /* <is1/> */
 679         { 0, 0 },       /* " " */
 680         { 0, 0 },       /* ! */
 681         { 0, 0 },       /* \" */
 682         { 0, 0 },       /* # */
 683         { 0, 0 },       /* $ */
 684         { 0, 0 },       /* % */
 685         OSXET("\046\141\155\160\073"),  /* &amp; */
 686         { 0, 0 },       /* ' */
 687         {0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0}, /* ()*+,-./ */
 688         {0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0}, /* 01234567 */
 689         {0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},                         /* 89:; */
 690         OSXET("\046\154\164\073"),      /* &lt; */
 691         { 0, 0 },       /* = */
 692         OSXET("\046\147\164\073"),      /* &gt; */
 693 };
 694
 695 static int
 696 OS__check_escaped_control_char(const void *buf, int size) {
 697         size_t i;
 698         /*
 699          * Inefficient algorithm which translates the escape sequences
 700          * defined above into characters. Returns -1 if not found.
 701          * TODO: replace by a faster algorithm (bsearch(), hash or
 702          * nested table lookups).
 703          */
 704         for(i = 0; i < 32 /* Don't spend time on the bottom half */; i++) {
 705                 const struct OCTET_STRING__xer_escape_table_s *el;
 706                 el = &OCTET_STRING__xer_escape_table[i];
 707                 if(el->size == size && memcmp(buf, el->string, size) == 0)
 708                         return i;
 709         }
 710         return -1;
 711 }
 712
 713 static int
 714 OCTET_STRING__handle_control_chars(void *struct_ptr, const void *chunk_buf, size_t chunk_size) {
 715         /*
 716          * This might be one of the escape sequences
 717          * for control characters. Check it out.
 718          * #11.15.5
 719          */
 720         int control_char = OS__check_escaped_control_char(chunk_buf,chunk_size);
 721         if(control_char >= 0) {
 722                 OCTET_STRING_t *st = (OCTET_STRING_t *)struct_ptr;
 723                 void *p = REALLOC(st->buf, st->size + 2);
 724                 if(p) {
 725                         st->buf = (uint8_t *)p;
 726                         st->buf[st->size++] = control_char;
 727                         st->buf[st->size] = '\0';       /* nul-termination */
 728                         return 0;
 729                 }
 730         }
 731
 732         return -1;      /* No, it's not */
 733 }
 734
 735 asn_enc_rval_t
 736 OCTET_STRING_encode_xer_utf8(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr,
 737         int ilevel, enum xer_encoder_flags_e flags,
 738                 asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
 739         const OCTET_STRING_t *st = (const OCTET_STRING_t *)sptr;
 740         asn_enc_rval_t er;
 741         uint8_t *buf, *end;
 742         uint8_t *ss;    /* Sequence start */
 743         ssize_t encoded_len = 0;
 744
 745         (void)ilevel;   /* Unused argument */
 746         (void)flags;    /* Unused argument */
 747
 748         if(!st || (!st->buf && st->size))
 749                 ASN__ENCODE_FAILED;
 750
 751         buf = st->buf;
 752         end = buf + st->size;
 753         for(ss = buf; buf < end; buf++) {
 754                 unsigned int ch = *buf;
 755                 int s_len;      /* Special encoding sequence length */
 756
 757                 /*
 758                  * Escape certain characters: X.680/11.15
 759                  */
 760                 if(ch < sizeof(OCTET_STRING__xer_escape_table)
 761                         /sizeof(OCTET_STRING__xer_escape_table[0])
 762                 && (s_len = OCTET_STRING__xer_escape_table[ch].size)) {
 763                         if(((buf - ss) && cb(ss, buf - ss, app_key) < 0)
 764                         || cb(OCTET_STRING__xer_escape_table[ch].string, s_len,
 765                                         app_key) < 0)
 766                                 ASN__ENCODE_FAILED;
 767                         encoded_len += (buf - ss) + s_len;
 768                         ss = buf + 1;
 769                 }
 770         }
 771
 772         encoded_len += (buf - ss);
 773         if((buf - ss) && cb(ss, buf - ss, app_key) < 0)
 774                 ASN__ENCODE_FAILED;
 775
 776         er.encoded = encoded_len;
 777         ASN__ENCODED_OK(er);
 778 }
 779
 780 /*
 781  * Convert from hexadecimal format (cstring): "AB CD EF"
 782  */
 783 static ssize_t OCTET_STRING__convert_hexadecimal(void *sptr, const void *chunk_buf, size_t chunk_size, int have_more) {
 784         OCTET_STRING_t *st = (OCTET_STRING_t *)sptr;
 785         const char *chunk_stop = (const char *)chunk_buf;
 786         const char *p = chunk_stop;
 787         const char *pend = p + chunk_size;
 788         unsigned int clv = 0;
 789         int half = 0;   /* Half bit */
 790         uint8_t *buf;
 791
 792         /* Reallocate buffer according to high cap estimation */
 793         ssize_t _ns = st->size + (chunk_size + 1) / 2;
 794         void *nptr = REALLOC(st->buf, _ns + 1);
 795         if(!nptr) return -1;
 796         st->buf = (uint8_t *)nptr;
 797         buf = st->buf + st->size;
 798
 799         /*
 800          * If something like " a b c " appears here, the " a b":3 will be
 801          * converted, and the rest skipped. That is, unless buf_size is greater
 802          * than chunk_size, then it'll be equivalent to "ABC0".
 803          */
 804         for(; p < pend; p++) {
 805                 int ch = *(const unsigned char *)p;
 806                 switch(ch) {
 807                 case 0x09: case 0x0a: case 0x0c: case 0x0d:
 808                 case 0x20:
 809                         /* Ignore whitespace */
 810                         continue;
 811                 case 0x30: case 0x31: case 0x32: case 0x33: case 0x34: /*01234*/
 812                 case 0x35: case 0x36: case 0x37: case 0x38: case 0x39: /*56789*/
 813                         clv = (clv << 4) + (ch - 0x30);
 814                         break;
 815                 case 0x41: case 0x42: case 0x43:        /* ABC */
 816                 case 0x44: case 0x45: case 0x46:        /* DEF */
 817                         clv = (clv << 4) + (ch - 0x41 + 10);
 818                         break;
 819                 case 0x61: case 0x62: case 0x63:        /* abc */
 820                 case 0x64: case 0x65: case 0x66:        /* def */
 821                         clv = (clv << 4) + (ch - 0x61 + 10);
 822                         break;
 823                 default:
 824                         *buf = 0;       /* JIC */
 825                         return -1;
 826                 }
 827                 if(half++) {
 828                         half = 0;
 829                         *buf++ = clv;
 830                         chunk_stop = p + 1;
 831                 }
 832         }
 833
 834         /*
 835          * Check partial decoding.
 836          */
 837         if(half) {
 838                 if(have_more) {
 839                         /*
 840                          * Partial specification is fine,
 841                          * because no more more PXER_TEXT data is available.
 842                          */
 843                         *buf++ = clv << 4;
 844                         chunk_stop = p;
 845                 }
 846         } else {
 847                 chunk_stop = p;
 848         }
 849
 850         st->size = buf - st->buf;       /* Adjust the buffer size */
 851         assert(st->size <= _ns);
 852         st->buf[st->size] = 0;          /* Courtesy termination */
 853
 854         return (chunk_stop - (const char *)chunk_buf);  /* Converted size */
 855 }
 856
 857 /*
 858  * Convert from binary format: "00101011101"
 859  */
 860 static ssize_t OCTET_STRING__convert_binary(void *sptr, const void *chunk_buf, size_t chunk_size, int have_more) {
 861         BIT_STRING_t *st = (BIT_STRING_t *)sptr;
 862         const char *p = (const char *)chunk_buf;
 863         const char *pend = p + chunk_size;
 864         int bits_unused = st->bits_unused & 0x7;
 865         uint8_t *buf;
 866
 867         /* Reallocate buffer according to high cap estimation */
 868         ssize_t _ns = st->size + (chunk_size + 7) / 8;
 869         void *nptr = REALLOC(st->buf, _ns + 1);
 870         if(!nptr) return -1;
 871         st->buf = (uint8_t *)nptr;
 872         buf = st->buf + st->size;
 873
 874         (void)have_more;
 875
 876         if(bits_unused == 0)
 877                 bits_unused = 8;
 878         else if(st->size)
 879                 buf--;
 880
 881         /*
 882          * Convert series of 0 and 1 into the octet string.
 883          */
 884         for(; p < pend; p++) {
 885                 int ch = *(const unsigned char *)p;
 886                 switch(ch) {
 887                 case 0x09: case 0x0a: case 0x0c: case 0x0d:
 888                 case 0x20:
 889                         /* Ignore whitespace */
 890                         break;
 891                 case 0x30:
 892                 case 0x31:
 893                         if(bits_unused-- <= 0) {
 894                                 *++buf = 0;     /* Clean the cell */
 895                                 bits_unused = 7;
 896                         }
 897                         *buf |= (ch&1) << bits_unused;
 898                         break;
 899                 default:
 900                         st->bits_unused = bits_unused;
 901                         return -1;
 902                 }
 903         }
 904
 905         if(bits_unused == 8) {
 906                 st->size = buf - st->buf;
 907                 st->bits_unused = 0;
 908         } else {
 909                 st->size = buf - st->buf + 1;
 910                 st->bits_unused = bits_unused;
 911         }
 912
 913         assert(st->size <= _ns);
 914         st->buf[st->size] = 0;          /* Courtesy termination */
 915
 916         return chunk_size;      /* Converted in full */
 917 }
 918
 919 /*
 920  * Something like strtod(), but with stricter rules.
 921  */
 922 static int
 923 OS__strtoent(int base, const char *buf, const char *end, int32_t *ret_value) {
 924         int32_t val = 0;
 925         const char *p;
 926
 927         for(p = buf; p < end; p++) {
 928                 int ch = *p;
 929
 930                 /* Strange huge value */
 931                 if((val * base + base) < 0)
 932                         return -1;
 933
 934                 switch(ch) {
 935                 case 0x30: case 0x31: case 0x32: case 0x33: case 0x34: /*01234*/
 936                 case 0x35: case 0x36: case 0x37: case 0x38: case 0x39: /*56789*/
 937                         val = val * base + (ch - 0x30);
 938                         break;
 939                 case 0x41: case 0x42: case 0x43:        /* ABC */
 940                 case 0x44: case 0x45: case 0x46:        /* DEF */
 941                         val = val * base + (ch - 0x41 + 10);
 942                         break;
 943                 case 0x61: case 0x62: case 0x63:        /* abc */
 944                 case 0x64: case 0x65: case 0x66:        /* def */
 945                         val = val * base + (ch - 0x61 + 10);
 946                         break;
 947                 case 0x3b:      /* ';' */
 948                         *ret_value = val;
 949                         return (p - buf) + 1;
 950                 default:
 951                         return -1;      /* Character set error */
 952                 }
 953         }
 954
 955         *ret_value = -1;
 956         return (p - buf);
 957 }
 958
 959 /*
 960  * Convert from the plain UTF-8 format, expanding entity references: "2 &lt; 3"
 961  */
 962 static ssize_t OCTET_STRING__convert_entrefs(void *sptr, const void *chunk_buf, size_t chunk_size, int have_more) {
 963         OCTET_STRING_t *st = (OCTET_STRING_t *)sptr;
 964         const char *p = (const char *)chunk_buf;
 965         const char *pend = p + chunk_size;
 966         uint8_t *buf;
 967
 968         /* Reallocate buffer */
 969         ssize_t _ns = st->size + chunk_size;
 970         void *nptr = REALLOC(st->buf, _ns + 1);
 971         if(!nptr) return -1;
 972         st->buf = (uint8_t *)nptr;
 973         buf = st->buf + st->size;
 974
 975         /*
 976          * Convert series of 0 and 1 into the octet string.
 977          */
 978         for(; p < pend; p++) {
 979                 int ch = *(const unsigned char *)p;
 980                 int len;        /* Length of the rest of the chunk */
 981
 982                 if(ch != 0x26 /* '&' */) {
 983                         *buf++ = ch;
 984                         continue;       /* That was easy... */
 985                 }
 986
 987                 /*
 988                  * Process entity reference.
 989                  */
 990                 len = chunk_size - (p - (const char *)chunk_buf);
 991                 if(len == 1 /* "&" */) goto want_more;
 992                 if(p[1] == 0x23 /* '#' */) {
 993                         const char *pval;       /* Pointer to start of digits */
 994                         int32_t val = 0;        /* Entity reference value */
 995                         int base;
 996
 997                         if(len == 2 /* "&#" */) goto want_more;
 998                         if(p[2] == 0x78 /* 'x' */)
 999                                 pval = p + 3, base = 16;
1000                         else
1001                                 pval = p + 2, base = 10;
1002                         len = OS__strtoent(base, pval, p + len, &val);
1003                         if(len == -1) {
1004                                 /* Invalid charset. Just copy verbatim. */
1005                                 *buf++ = ch;
1006                                 continue;
1007                         }
1008                         if(!len || pval[len-1] != 0x3b) goto want_more;
1009                         assert(val > 0);
1010                         p += (pval - p) + len - 1; /* Advance past entref */
1011
1012                         if(val < 0x80) {
1013                                 *buf++ = (char)val;
1014                         } else if(val < 0x800) {
1015                                 *buf++ = 0xc0 | ((val >> 6));
1016                                 *buf++ = 0x80 | ((val & 0x3f));
1017                         } else if(val < 0x10000) {
1018                                 *buf++ = 0xe0 | ((val >> 12));
1019                                 *buf++ = 0x80 | ((val >> 6) & 0x3f);
1020                                 *buf++ = 0x80 | ((val & 0x3f));
1021                         } else if(val < 0x200000) {
1022                                 *buf++ = 0xf0 | ((val >> 18));
1023                                 *buf++ = 0x80 | ((val >> 12) & 0x3f);
1024                                 *buf++ = 0x80 | ((val >> 6) & 0x3f);
1025                                 *buf++ = 0x80 | ((val & 0x3f));
1026                         } else if(val < 0x4000000) {
1027                                 *buf++ = 0xf8 | ((val >> 24));
1028                                 *buf++ = 0x80 | ((val >> 18) & 0x3f);
1029                                 *buf++ = 0x80 | ((val >> 12) & 0x3f);
1030                                 *buf++ = 0x80 | ((val >> 6) & 0x3f);
1031                                 *buf++ = 0x80 | ((val & 0x3f));
1032                         } else {
1033                                 *buf++ = 0xfc | ((val >> 30) & 0x1);
1034                                 *buf++ = 0x80 | ((val >> 24) & 0x3f);
1035                                 *buf++ = 0x80 | ((val >> 18) & 0x3f);
1036                                 *buf++ = 0x80 | ((val >> 12) & 0x3f);
1037                                 *buf++ = 0x80 | ((val >> 6) & 0x3f);
1038                                 *buf++ = 0x80 | ((val & 0x3f));
1039                         }
1040                 } else {
1041                         /*
1042                          * Ugly, limited parsing of &amp; &gt; &lt;
1043                          */
1044                         char *sc = (char *)memchr(p, 0x3b, len > 5 ? 5 : len);
1045                         if(!sc) goto want_more;
1046                         if((sc - p) == 4
1047                                 && p[1] == 0x61 /* 'a' */
1048                                 && p[2] == 0x6d /* 'm' */
1049                                 && p[3] == 0x70 /* 'p' */) {
1050                                 *buf++ = 0x26;
1051                                 p = sc;
1052                                 continue;
1053                         }
1054                         if((sc - p) == 3) {
1055                                 if(p[1] == 0x6c) {
1056                                         *buf = 0x3c;    /* '<' */
1057                                 } else if(p[1] == 0x67) {
1058                                         *buf = 0x3e;    /* '>' */
1059                                 } else {
1060                                         /* Unsupported entity reference */
1061                                         *buf++ = ch;
1062                                         continue;
1063                                 }
1064                                 if(p[2] != 0x74) {
1065                                         /* Unsupported entity reference */
1066                                         *buf++ = ch;
1067                                         continue;
1068                                 }
1069                                 buf++;
1070                                 p = sc;
1071                                 continue;
1072                         }
1073                         /* Unsupported entity reference */
1074                         *buf++ = ch;
1075                 }
1076
1077                 continue;
1078         want_more:
1079                 if(have_more) {
1080                         /*
1081                          * We know that no more data (of the same type)
1082                          * is coming. Copy the rest verbatim.
1083                          */
1084                         *buf++ = ch;
1085                         continue;
1086                 }
1087                 chunk_size = (p - (const char *)chunk_buf);
1088                 /* Processing stalled: need more data */
1089                 break;
1090         }
1091
1092         st->size = buf - st->buf;
1093         assert(st->size <= _ns);
1094         st->buf[st->size] = 0;          /* Courtesy termination */
1095
1096         return chunk_size;      /* Converted in full */
1097 }
1098
1099 /*
1100  * Decode OCTET STRING from the XML element's body.
1101  */
1102 static asn_dec_rval_t
1103 OCTET_STRING__decode_xer(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
1104         asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void **sptr,
1105         const char *opt_mname, const void *buf_ptr, size_t size,
1106         int (*opt_unexpected_tag_decoder)
1107                 (void *struct_ptr, const void *chunk_buf, size_t chunk_size),
1108         ssize_t (*body_receiver)
1109                 (void *struct_ptr, const void *chunk_buf, size_t chunk_size,
1110                         int have_more)
1111 ) {
1112         OCTET_STRING_t *st = (OCTET_STRING_t *)*sptr;
1113         asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t *specs = td->specifics
1114                                 ? (asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t *)td->specifics
1115                                 : &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_specs;
1116         const char *xml_tag = opt_mname ? opt_mname : td->xml_tag;
1117         asn_struct_ctx_t *ctx;          /* Per-structure parser context */
1118         asn_dec_rval_t rval;            /* Return value from the decoder */
1119         int st_allocated;
1120
1121         /*
1122          * Create the string if does not exist.
1123          */
1124         if(!st) {
1125                 st = (OCTET_STRING_t *)CALLOC(1, specs->struct_size);
1126                 *sptr = (void *)st;
1127                 if(!st) goto sta_failed;
1128                 st_allocated = 1;
1129         } else {
1130                 st_allocated = 0;
1131         }
1132         if(!st->buf) {
1133                 /* This is separate from above section */
1134                 st->buf = (uint8_t *)CALLOC(1, 1);
1135                 if(!st->buf) {
1136                         if(st_allocated) {
1137                                 *sptr = 0;
1138                                 goto stb_failed;
1139                         } else {
1140                                 goto sta_failed;
1141                         }
1142                 }
1143         }
1144
1145         /* Restore parsing context */
1146         ctx = (asn_struct_ctx_t *)(((char *)*sptr) + specs->ctx_offset);
1147
1148         return xer_decode_general(opt_codec_ctx, ctx, *sptr, xml_tag,
1149                 buf_ptr, size, opt_unexpected_tag_decoder, body_receiver);
1150
1151 stb_failed:
1152         FREEMEM(st);
1153 sta_failed:
1154         rval.code = RC_FAIL;
1155         rval.consumed = 0;
1156         return rval;
1157 }
1158
1159 /*
1160  * Decode OCTET STRING from the hexadecimal data.
1161  */
1162 asn_dec_rval_t
1163 OCTET_STRING_decode_xer_hex(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
1164         asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void **sptr,
1165                 const char *opt_mname, const void *buf_ptr, size_t size) {
1166         return OCTET_STRING__decode_xer(opt_codec_ctx, td, sptr, opt_mname,
1167                 buf_ptr, size, 0, OCTET_STRING__convert_hexadecimal);
1168 }
1169
1170 /*
1171  * Decode OCTET STRING from the binary (0/1) data.
1172  */
1173 asn_dec_rval_t
1174 OCTET_STRING_decode_xer_binary(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
1175         asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void **sptr,
1176                 const char *opt_mname, const void *buf_ptr, size_t size) {
1177         return OCTET_STRING__decode_xer(opt_codec_ctx, td, sptr, opt_mname,
1178                 buf_ptr, size, 0, OCTET_STRING__convert_binary);
1179 }
1180
1181 /*
1182  * Decode OCTET STRING from the string (ASCII/UTF-8) data.
1183  */
1184 asn_dec_rval_t
1185 OCTET_STRING_decode_xer_utf8(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
1186         asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void **sptr,
1187                 const char *opt_mname, const void *buf_ptr, size_t size) {
1188         return OCTET_STRING__decode_xer(opt_codec_ctx, td, sptr, opt_mname,
1189                 buf_ptr, size,
1190                 OCTET_STRING__handle_control_chars,
1191                 OCTET_STRING__convert_entrefs);
1192 }
1193
1194 static int
1195 OCTET_STRING_per_get_characters(asn_per_data_t *po, uint8_t *buf,
1196                 size_t units, unsigned int bpc, unsigned int unit_bits,
1197                 long lb, long ub, asn_per_constraints_t *pc) {
1198         uint8_t *end = buf + units * bpc;
1199
1200         ASN_DEBUG("Expanding %d characters into (%ld..%ld):%d",
1201                 (int)units, lb, ub, unit_bits);
1202
1203         /* X.691: 27.5.4 */
1204         if((unsigned long)ub <= ((unsigned long)2 << (unit_bits - 1))) {
1205                 /* Decode without translation */
1206                 lb = 0;
1207         } else if(pc && pc->code2value) {
1208                 if(unit_bits > 16)
1209                         return 1;       /* FATAL: can't have constrained
1210                                          * UniversalString with more than
1211                                          * 16 million code points */
1212                 for(; buf < end; buf += bpc) {
1213                         int value;
1214                         int code = per_get_few_bits(po, unit_bits);
1215                         if(code < 0) return -1; /* WMORE */
1216                         value = pc->code2value(code);
1217                         if(value < 0) {
1218                                 ASN_DEBUG("Code %d (0x%02x) is"
1219                                         " not in map (%ld..%ld)",
1220                                         code, code, lb, ub);
1221                                 return 1;       /* FATAL */
1222                         }
1223                         switch(bpc) {
1224                         case 1: *buf = value; break;
1225                         case 2: buf[0] = value >> 8; buf[1] = value; break;
1226                         case 4: buf[0] = value >> 24; buf[1] = value >> 16;
1227                                 buf[2] = value >> 8; buf[3] = value; break;
1228                         }
1229                 }
1230                 return 0;
1231         }
1232
1233         /* Shortcut the no-op copying to the aligned structure */
1234         if(lb == 0 && (unit_bits == 8 * bpc)) {
1235                 return per_get_many_bits(po, buf, 0, unit_bits * units);
1236         }
1237
1238         for(; buf < end; buf += bpc) {
1239                 int code = per_get_few_bits(po, unit_bits);
1240                 int ch = code + lb;
1241                 if(code < 0) return -1; /* WMORE */
1242                 if(ch > ub) {
1243                         ASN_DEBUG("Code %d is out of range (%ld..%ld)",
1244                                 ch, lb, ub);
1245                         return 1;       /* FATAL */
1246                 }
1247                 switch(bpc) {
1248                 case 1: *buf = ch; break;
1249                 case 2: buf[0] = ch >> 8; buf[1] = ch; break;
1250                 case 4: buf[0] = ch >> 24; buf[1] = ch >> 16;
1251                         buf[2] = ch >> 8; buf[3] = ch; break;
1252                 }
1253         }
1254
1255         return 0;
1256 }
1257
1258 static int
1259 OCTET_STRING_per_put_characters(asn_per_outp_t *po, const uint8_t *buf,
1260                 size_t units, unsigned int bpc, unsigned int unit_bits,
1261                 long lb, long ub, asn_per_constraints_t *pc) {
1262         const uint8_t *end = buf + units * bpc;
1263
1264         ASN_DEBUG("Squeezing %d characters into (%ld..%ld):%d (%d bpc)",
1265                 (int)units, lb, ub, unit_bits, bpc);
1266
1267         /* X.691: 27.5.4 */
1268         if((unsigned long)ub <= ((unsigned long)2 << (unit_bits - 1))) {
1269                 /* Encode as is */
1270                 lb = 0;
1271         } else if(pc && pc->value2code) {
1272                 for(; buf < end; buf += bpc) {
1273                         int code;
1274                         uint32_t value;
1275                         switch(bpc) {
1276                         case 1: value = *(const uint8_t *)buf; break;
1277                         case 2: value = (buf[0] << 8) | buf[1]; break;
1278                         case 4: value = (buf[0] << 24) | (buf[1] << 16)
1279                                         | (buf[2] << 8) | buf[3]; break;
1280                         default: return -1;
1281                         }
1282                         code = pc->value2code(value);
1283                         if(code < 0) {
1284                                 ASN_DEBUG("Character %d (0x%02x) is"
1285                                         " not in map (%ld..%ld)",
1286                                         *buf, *buf, lb, ub);
1287                                 return -1;
1288                         }
1289                         if(per_put_few_bits(po, code, unit_bits))
1290                                 return -1;
1291                 }
1292         }
1293
1294         /* Shortcut the no-op copying to the aligned structure */
1295         if(lb == 0 && (unit_bits == 8 * bpc)) {
1296                 return per_put_many_bits(po, buf, unit_bits * units);
1297         }
1298
1299         for(ub -= lb; buf < end; buf += bpc) {
1300                 int ch;
1301                 uint32_t value;
1302                 switch(bpc) {
1303                 case 1: value = *(const uint8_t *)buf; break;
1304                 case 2: value = (buf[0] << 8) | buf[1]; break;
1305                 case 4: value = (buf[0] << 24) | (buf[1] << 16)
1306                                 | (buf[2] << 8) | buf[3]; break;
1307                 default: return -1;
1308                 }
1309                 ch = value - lb;
1310                 if(ch < 0 || ch > ub) {
1311                         ASN_DEBUG("Character %d (0x%02x)"
1312                         " is out of range (%ld..%ld)",
1313                                 *buf, *buf, lb, ub + lb);
1314                         return -1;
1315                 }
1316                 if(per_put_few_bits(po, ch, unit_bits))
1317                         return -1;
1318         }
1319
1320         return 0;
1321 }
1322
1323 asn_dec_rval_t
1324 OCTET_STRING_decode_uper(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
1325         asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, asn_per_constraints_t *constraints,
1326         void **sptr, asn_per_data_t *pd) {
1327
1328         asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t *specs = td->specifics
1329                 ? (asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t *)td->specifics
1330                 : &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_specs;
1331         asn_per_constraints_t *pc = constraints ? constraints
1332                                 : td->per_constraints;
1333         asn_per_constraint_t *cval;
1334         asn_per_constraint_t *csiz;
1335         asn_dec_rval_t rval = { RC_OK, 0 };
1336         BIT_STRING_t *st = (BIT_STRING_t *)*sptr;
1337         ssize_t consumed_myself = 0;
1338         int repeat;
1339         enum {
1340                 OS__BPC_BIT     = 0,
1341                 OS__BPC_CHAR    = 1,
1342                 OS__BPC_U16     = 2,
1343                 OS__BPC_U32     = 4
1344         } bpc;  /* Bytes per character */
1345         unsigned int unit_bits;
1346         unsigned int canonical_unit_bits;
1347
1348         (void)opt_codec_ctx;
1349
1350         if(pc) {
1351                 cval = &pc->value;
1352                 csiz = &pc->size;
1353         } else {
1354                 cval = &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_constraints.value;
1355                 csiz = &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_constraints.size;
1356         }
1357
1358         switch(specs->subvariant) {
1359         default:
1360         case ASN_OSUBV_ANY:
1361                 ASN_DEBUG("Unrecognized subvariant %d", specs->subvariant);
1362                 RETURN(RC_FAIL);
1363         case ASN_OSUBV_BIT:
1364                 canonical_unit_bits = unit_bits = 1;
1365                 bpc = OS__BPC_BIT;
1366                 break;
1367         case ASN_OSUBV_STR:
1368                 canonical_unit_bits = unit_bits = 8;
1369                 if(cval->flags & APC_CONSTRAINED)
1370                         unit_bits = cval->range_bits;
1371                 bpc = OS__BPC_CHAR;
1372                 break;
1373         case ASN_OSUBV_U16:
1374                 canonical_unit_bits = unit_bits = 16;
1375                 if(cval->flags & APC_CONSTRAINED)
1376                         unit_bits = cval->range_bits;
1377                 bpc = OS__BPC_U16;
1378                 break;
1379         case ASN_OSUBV_U32:
1380                 canonical_unit_bits = unit_bits = 32;
1381                 if(cval->flags & APC_CONSTRAINED)
1382                         unit_bits = cval->range_bits;
1383                 bpc = OS__BPC_U32;
1384                 break;
1385         }
1386
1387         /*
1388          * Allocate the string.
1389          */
1390         if(!st) {
1391                 st = (BIT_STRING_t *)(*sptr = CALLOC(1, specs->struct_size));
1392                 if(!st) RETURN(RC_FAIL);
1393         }
1394
1395         ASN_DEBUG("PER Decoding %s size %ld .. %ld bits %d",
1396                 csiz->flags & APC_EXTENSIBLE ? "extensible" : "non-extensible",
1397                 csiz->lower_bound, csiz->upper_bound, csiz->effective_bits);
1398
1399         if(csiz->flags & APC_EXTENSIBLE) {
1400                 int inext = per_get_few_bits(pd, 1);
1401                 if(inext < 0) RETURN(RC_WMORE);
1402                 if(inext) {
1403                         csiz = &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_constraints.size;
1404                         cval = &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_constraints.value;
1405                         unit_bits = canonical_unit_bits;
1406                 }
1407         }
1408
1409         if(csiz->effective_bits >= 0) {
1410                 FREEMEM(st->buf);
1411                 if(bpc) {
1412                         st->size = csiz->upper_bound * bpc;
1413                 } else {
1414                         st->size = (csiz->upper_bound + 7) >> 3;
1415                 }
1416                 st->buf = (uint8_t *)MALLOC(st->size + 1);
1417                 if(!st->buf) { st->size = 0; RETURN(RC_FAIL); }
1418         }
1419
1420         /* X.691, #16.5: zero-length encoding */
1421         /* X.691, #16.6: short fixed length encoding (up to 2 octets) */
1422         /* X.691, #16.7: long fixed length encoding (up to 64K octets) */
1423         if(csiz->effective_bits == 0) {
1424                 int ret;
1425                 if(bpc) {
1426                         ASN_DEBUG("Encoding OCTET STRING size %ld",
1427                                 csiz->upper_bound);
1428                         ret = OCTET_STRING_per_get_characters(pd, st->buf,
1429                                 csiz->upper_bound, bpc, unit_bits,
1430                                 cval->lower_bound, cval->upper_bound, pc);
1431                         if(ret > 0) RETURN(RC_FAIL);
1432                 } else {
1433                         ASN_DEBUG("Encoding BIT STRING size %ld",
1434                                 csiz->upper_bound);
1435                         ret = per_get_many_bits(pd, st->buf, 0,
1436                                             unit_bits * csiz->upper_bound);
1437                 }
1438                 if(ret < 0) RETURN(RC_WMORE);
1439                 consumed_myself += unit_bits * csiz->upper_bound;
1440                 st->buf[st->size] = 0;
1441                 if(bpc == 0) {
1442                         int ubs = (csiz->upper_bound & 0x7);
1443                         st->bits_unused = ubs ? 8 - ubs : 0;
1444                 }
1445                 RETURN(RC_OK);
1446         }
1447
1448         st->size = 0;
1449         do {
1450                 ssize_t raw_len;
1451                 ssize_t len_bytes;
1452                 ssize_t len_bits;
1453                 void *p;
1454                 int ret;
1455
1456                 /* Get the PER length */
1457                 raw_len = uper_get_length(pd, csiz->effective_bits, &repeat);
1458                 if(raw_len < 0) RETURN(RC_WMORE);
1459                 raw_len += csiz->lower_bound;
1460
1461                 ASN_DEBUG("Got PER length eb %ld, len %ld, %s (%s)",
1462                         (long)csiz->effective_bits, (long)raw_len,
1463                         repeat ? "repeat" : "once", td->name);
1464                 if(bpc) {
1465                         len_bytes = raw_len * bpc;
1466                         len_bits = len_bytes * unit_bits;
1467                 } else {
1468                         len_bits = raw_len;
1469                         len_bytes = (len_bits + 7) >> 3;
1470                         if(len_bits & 0x7)
1471                                 st->bits_unused = 8 - (len_bits & 0x7);
1472                         /* len_bits be multiple of 16K if repeat is set */
1473                 }
1474                 p = REALLOC(st->buf, st->size + len_bytes + 1);
1475                 if(!p) RETURN(RC_FAIL);
1476                 st->buf = (uint8_t *)p;
1477
1478                 if(bpc) {
1479                         ret = OCTET_STRING_per_get_characters(pd,
1480                                 &st->buf[st->size], raw_len, bpc, unit_bits,
1481                                 cval->lower_bound, cval->upper_bound, pc);
1482                         if(ret > 0) RETURN(RC_FAIL);
1483                 } else {
1484                         ret = per_get_many_bits(pd, &st->buf[st->size],
1485                                 0, len_bits);
1486                 }
1487                 if(ret < 0) RETURN(RC_WMORE);
1488                 st->size += len_bytes;
1489         } while(repeat);
1490         st->buf[st->size] = 0;  /* nul-terminate */
1491
1492         return rval;
1493 }
1494
1495 asn_enc_rval_t
1496 OCTET_STRING_encode_uper(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
1497         asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void *sptr, asn_per_outp_t *po) {
1498
1499         asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t *specs = td->specifics
1500                 ? (asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t *)td->specifics
1501                 : &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_specs;
1502         asn_per_constraints_t *pc = constraints ? constraints
1503                                 : td->per_constraints;
1504         asn_per_constraint_t *cval;
1505         asn_per_constraint_t *csiz;
1506         const BIT_STRING_t *st = (const BIT_STRING_t *)sptr;
1507         asn_enc_rval_t er = { 0, 0, 0 };
1508         int inext = 0;          /* Lies not within extension root */
1509         unsigned int unit_bits;
1510         unsigned int canonical_unit_bits;
1511         unsigned int sizeinunits;
1512         const uint8_t *buf;
1513         int ret;
1514         enum {
1515                 OS__BPC_BIT     = 0,
1516                 OS__BPC_CHAR    = 1,
1517                 OS__BPC_U16     = 2,
1518                 OS__BPC_U32     = 4
1519         } bpc;  /* Bytes per character */
1520         int ct_extensible;
1521
1522         if(!st || (!st->buf && st->size))
1523                 ASN__ENCODE_FAILED;
1524
1525         if(pc) {
1526                 cval = &pc->value;
1527                 csiz = &pc->size;
1528         } else {
1529                 cval = &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_constraints.value;
1530                 csiz = &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_constraints.size;
1531         }
1532         ct_extensible = csiz->flags & APC_EXTENSIBLE;
1533
1534         switch(specs->subvariant) {
1535         default:
1536         case ASN_OSUBV_ANY:
1537                 ASN__ENCODE_FAILED;
1538         case ASN_OSUBV_BIT:
1539                 canonical_unit_bits = unit_bits = 1;
1540                 bpc = OS__BPC_BIT;
1541                 sizeinunits = st->size * 8 - (st->bits_unused & 0x07);
1542                 ASN_DEBUG("BIT STRING of %d bytes, %d bits unused",
1543                                 sizeinunits, st->bits_unused);
1544                 break;
1545         case ASN_OSUBV_STR:
1546                 canonical_unit_bits = unit_bits = 8;
1547                 if(cval->flags & APC_CONSTRAINED)
1548                         unit_bits = cval->range_bits;
1549                 bpc = OS__BPC_CHAR;
1550                 sizeinunits = st->size;
1551                 break;
1552         case ASN_OSUBV_U16:
1553                 canonical_unit_bits = unit_bits = 16;
1554                 if(cval->flags & APC_CONSTRAINED)
1555                         unit_bits = cval->range_bits;
1556                 bpc = OS__BPC_U16;
1557                 sizeinunits = st->size / 2;
1558                 break;
1559         case ASN_OSUBV_U32:
1560                 canonical_unit_bits = unit_bits = 32;
1561                 if(cval->flags & APC_CONSTRAINED)
1562                         unit_bits = cval->range_bits;
1563                 bpc = OS__BPC_U32;
1564                 sizeinunits = st->size / 4;
1565                 break;
1566         }
1567
1568         ASN_DEBUG("Encoding %s into %d units of %d bits"
1569                 " (%ld..%ld, effective %d)%s",
1570                 td->name, sizeinunits, unit_bits,
1571                 csiz->lower_bound, csiz->upper_bound,
1572                 csiz->effective_bits, ct_extensible ? " EXT" : "");
1573
1574         /* Figure out whether size lies within PER visible constraint */
1575
1576         if(csiz->effective_bits >= 0) {
1577                 if((int)sizeinunits < csiz->lower_bound
1578                 || (int)sizeinunits > csiz->upper_bound) {
1579                         if(ct_extensible) {
1580                                 cval = &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_constraints.value;
1581                                 csiz = &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_constraints.size;
1582                                 unit_bits = canonical_unit_bits;
1583                                 inext = 1;
1584                         } else
1585                                 ASN__ENCODE_FAILED;
1586                 }
1587         } else {
1588                 inext = 0;
1589         }
1590
1591         if(ct_extensible) {
1592                 /* Declare whether length is [not] within extension root */
1593                 if(per_put_few_bits(po, inext, 1))
1594                         ASN__ENCODE_FAILED;
1595         }
1596
1597         /* X.691, #16.5: zero-length encoding */
1598         /* X.691, #16.6: short fixed length encoding (up to 2 octets) */
1599         /* X.691, #16.7: long fixed length encoding (up to 64K octets) */
1600         if(csiz->effective_bits >= 0) {
1601                 ASN_DEBUG("Encoding %d bytes (%ld), length in %d bits",
1602                                 st->size, sizeinunits - csiz->lower_bound,
1603                                 csiz->effective_bits);
1604                 ret = per_put_few_bits(po, sizeinunits - csiz->lower_bound,
1605                                 csiz->effective_bits);
1606                 if(ret) ASN__ENCODE_FAILED;
1607                 if(bpc) {
1608                         ret = OCTET_STRING_per_put_characters(po, st->buf,
1609                                 sizeinunits, bpc, unit_bits,
1610                                 cval->lower_bound, cval->upper_bound, pc);
1611                 } else {
1612                         ret = per_put_many_bits(po, st->buf,
1613                                 sizeinunits * unit_bits);
1614                 }
1615                 if(ret) ASN__ENCODE_FAILED;
1616                 ASN__ENCODED_OK(er);
1617         }
1618
1619         ASN_DEBUG("Encoding %d bytes", st->size);
1620
1621         if(sizeinunits == 0) {
1622                 if(uper_put_length(po, 0))
1623                         ASN__ENCODE_FAILED;
1624                 ASN__ENCODED_OK(er);
1625         }
1626
1627         buf = st->buf;
1628         while(sizeinunits) {
1629                 ssize_t maySave = uper_put_length(po, sizeinunits);
1630                 if(maySave < 0) ASN__ENCODE_FAILED;
1631
1632                 ASN_DEBUG("Encoding %ld of %ld",
1633                         (long)maySave, (long)sizeinunits);
1634
1635                 if(bpc) {
1636                         ret = OCTET_STRING_per_put_characters(po, buf,
1637                                 maySave, bpc, unit_bits,
1638                                 cval->lower_bound, cval->upper_bound, pc);
1639                 } else {
1640                         ret = per_put_many_bits(po, buf, maySave * unit_bits);
1641                 }
1642                 if(ret) ASN__ENCODE_FAILED;
1643
1644                 if(bpc)
1645                         buf += maySave * bpc;
1646                 else
1647                         buf += maySave >> 3;
1648                 sizeinunits -= maySave;
1649                 assert(!(maySave & 0x07) || !sizeinunits);
1650         }
1651
1652         ASN__ENCODED_OK(er);
1653 }
1654
1655 int
1656 OCTET_STRING_print(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, const void *sptr, int ilevel,
1657         asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
1658         const char * const h2c = "0123456789ABCDEF";
1659         const OCTET_STRING_t *st = (const OCTET_STRING_t *)sptr;
1660         char scratch[16 * 3 + 4];
1661         char *p = scratch;
1662         uint8_t *buf;
1663         uint8_t *end;
1664         size_t i;
1665
1666         (void)td;       /* Unused argument */
1667
1668         if(!st || (!st->buf && st->size))
1669                 return (cb("<absent>", 8, app_key) < 0) ? -1 : 0;
1670
1671         /*
1672          * Dump the contents of the buffer in hexadecimal.
1673          */
1674         buf = st->buf;
1675         end = buf + st->size;
1676         for(i = 0; buf < end; buf++, i++) {
1677                 if(!(i % 16) && (i || st->size > 16)) {
1678                         if(cb(scratch, p - scratch, app_key) < 0)
1679                                 return -1;
1680                         _i_INDENT(1);
1681                         p = scratch;
1682                 }
1683                 *p++ = h2c[(*buf >> 4) & 0x0F];
1684                 *p++ = h2c[*buf & 0x0F];
1685                 *p++ = 0x20;
1686         }
1687
1688         if(p > scratch) {
1689                 p--;    /* Remove the tail space */
1690                 if(cb(scratch, p - scratch, app_key) < 0)
1691                         return -1;
1692         }
1693
1694         return 0;
1695 }
1696
1697 int
1698 OCTET_STRING_print_utf8(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, const void *sptr,
1699                 int ilevel, asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
1700         const OCTET_STRING_t *st = (const OCTET_STRING_t *)sptr;
1701
1702         (void)td;       /* Unused argument */
1703         (void)ilevel;   /* Unused argument */
1704
1705         if(st && (st->buf || !st->size)) {
1706                 return (cb(st->buf, st->size, app_key) < 0) ? -1 : 0;
1707         } else {
1708                 return (cb("<absent>", 8, app_key) < 0) ? -1 : 0;
1709         }
1710 }
1711
1712 void
1713 OCTET_STRING_free(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr, int contents_only) {
1714         OCTET_STRING_t *st = (OCTET_STRING_t *)sptr;
1715         asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t *specs;
1716         asn_struct_ctx_t *ctx;
1717         struct _stack *stck;
1718
1719         if(!td || !st)
1720                 return;
1721
1722         specs = td->specifics
1723                     ? (asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t *)td->specifics
1724                     : &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_specs;
1725         ctx = (asn_struct_ctx_t *)((char *)st + specs->ctx_offset);
1726
1727         ASN_DEBUG("Freeing %s as OCTET STRING", td->name);
1728
1729         if(st->buf) {
1730                 FREEMEM(st->buf);
1731                 st->buf = 0;
1732         }
1733
1734         /*
1735          * Remove decode-time stack.
1736          */
1737         stck = (struct _stack *)ctx->ptr;
1738         if(stck) {
1739                 while(stck->tail) {
1740                         struct _stack_el *sel = stck->tail;
1741                         stck->tail = sel->prev;
1742                         FREEMEM(sel);
1743                 }
1744                 FREEMEM(stck);
1745         }
1746
1747         if(!contents_only) {
1748                 FREEMEM(st);
1749         }
1750 }
1751
1752 /*
1753  * Conversion routines.
1754  */
1755 int
1756 OCTET_STRING_fromBuf(OCTET_STRING_t *st, const char *str, int len) {
1757         void *buf;
1758
1759         if(st == 0 || (str == 0 && len)) {
1760                 errno = EINVAL;
1761                 return -1;
1762         }
1763
1764         /*
1765          * Clear the OCTET STRING.
1766          */
1767         if(str == NULL) {
1768                 FREEMEM(st->buf);
1769                 st->buf = 0;
1770                 st->size = 0;
1771                 return 0;
1772         }
1773
1774         /* Determine the original string size, if not explicitly given */
1775         if(len < 0)
1776                 len = strlen(str);
1777
1778         /* Allocate and fill the memory */
1779         buf = MALLOC(len + 1);
1780         if(buf == NULL)
1781                 return -1;
1782
1783         memcpy(buf, str, len);
1784         ((uint8_t *)buf)[len] = '\0';   /* Couldn't use memcpy(len+1)! */
1785         FREEMEM(st->buf);
1786         st->buf = (uint8_t *)buf;
1787         st->size = len;
1788
1789         return 0;
1790 }
1791
1792 OCTET_STRING_t *
1793 OCTET_STRING_new_fromBuf(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, const char *str, int len) {
1794         asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t *specs = td->specifics
1795                                 ? (asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t *)td->specifics
1796                                 : &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_specs;
1797         OCTET_STRING_t *st;
1798
1799         st = (OCTET_STRING_t *)CALLOC(1, specs->struct_size);
1800         if(st && str && OCTET_STRING_fromBuf(st, str, len)) {
1801                 FREEMEM(st);
1802                 st = NULL;
1803         }
1804
1805         return st;
1806 }
1807