]> git.stg.codes - stg.git/blobdiff - libs/smux/INTEGER.c
More std::jthread stuff.
[stg.git] / libs / smux / INTEGER.c
index ba455f07ef5268198aacf772a3005a9b6970468e..2b43cdf7c9193cecdd11e71fa8cb9022f5c4c38e 100644 (file)
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-/*-
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>.
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2003-2019 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>.
  * All rights reserved.
  * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
  */
 /*
  * INTEGER basic type description.
  */
-static ber_tlv_tag_t asn_DEF_INTEGER_tags[] = {
+static const ber_tlv_tag_t asn_DEF_INTEGER_tags[] = {
        (ASN_TAG_CLASS_UNIVERSAL | (2 << 2))
 };
-asn_TYPE_descriptor_t asn_DEF_INTEGER = {
-       "INTEGER",
-       "INTEGER",
-       ASN__PRIMITIVE_TYPE_free,
+asn_TYPE_operation_t asn_OP_INTEGER = {
+       INTEGER_free,
        INTEGER_print,
-       asn_generic_no_constraint,
+       INTEGER_compare,
        ber_decode_primitive,
        INTEGER_encode_der,
        INTEGER_decode_xer,
        INTEGER_encode_xer,
+#ifdef  ASN_DISABLE_OER_SUPPORT
+       0,
+       0,
+#else
+       INTEGER_decode_oer,     /* OER decoder */
+       INTEGER_encode_oer,     /* Canonical OER encoder */
+#endif  /* ASN_DISABLE_OER_SUPPORT */
+#ifdef ASN_DISABLE_PER_SUPPORT
+       0,
+       0,
+#else
        INTEGER_decode_uper,    /* Unaligned PER decoder */
        INTEGER_encode_uper,    /* Unaligned PER encoder */
-       0, /* Use generic outmost tag fetcher */
+#endif /* ASN_DISABLE_PER_SUPPORT */
+       INTEGER_random_fill,
+       0       /* Use generic outmost tag fetcher */
+};
+asn_TYPE_descriptor_t asn_DEF_INTEGER = {
+       "INTEGER",
+       "INTEGER",
+       &asn_OP_INTEGER,
        asn_DEF_INTEGER_tags,
        sizeof(asn_DEF_INTEGER_tags) / sizeof(asn_DEF_INTEGER_tags[0]),
        asn_DEF_INTEGER_tags,   /* Same as above */
        sizeof(asn_DEF_INTEGER_tags) / sizeof(asn_DEF_INTEGER_tags[0]),
-       0,      /* No PER visible constraints */
+       { 0, 0, asn_generic_no_constraint },
        0, 0,   /* No members */
        0       /* No specifics */
 };
@@ -40,10 +56,12 @@ asn_TYPE_descriptor_t asn_DEF_INTEGER = {
  * Encode INTEGER type using DER.
  */
 asn_enc_rval_t
-INTEGER_encode_der(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr,
-       int tag_mode, ber_tlv_tag_t tag,
-       asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
-       INTEGER_t *st = (INTEGER_t *)sptr;
+INTEGER_encode_der(const asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, const void *sptr,
+                   int tag_mode, ber_tlv_tag_t tag, asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb,
+                   void *app_key) {
+    const INTEGER_t *st = (const INTEGER_t *)sptr;
+    asn_enc_rval_t rval;
+    INTEGER_t effective_integer;
 
        ASN_DEBUG("%s %s as INTEGER (tm=%d)",
                cb?"Encoding":"Estimating", td->name, tag_mode);
@@ -80,75 +98,60 @@ INTEGER_encode_der(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr,
                /* Remove leading superfluous bytes from the integer */
                shift = buf - st->buf;
                if(shift) {
-                       uint8_t *nb = st->buf;
-                       uint8_t *end;
-
-                       st->size -= shift;      /* New size, minus bad bytes */
-                       end = nb + st->size;
-
-                       for(; nb < end; nb++, buf++)
-                               *nb = *buf;
-               }
-
-       } /* if(1) */
-
-       return der_encode_primitive(td, sptr, tag_mode, tag, cb, app_key);
+            union {
+                const uint8_t *c_buf;
+                uint8_t *nc_buf;
+            } unconst;
+            unconst.c_buf = st->buf;
+            effective_integer.buf = unconst.nc_buf + shift;
+            effective_integer.size = st->size - shift;
+
+            st = &effective_integer;
+        }
+    }
+
+    rval = der_encode_primitive(td, st, tag_mode, tag, cb, app_key);
+    if(rval.structure_ptr == &effective_integer) {
+        rval.structure_ptr = sptr;
+    }
+    return rval;
 }
 
-static const asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *INTEGER_map_enum2value(asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs, const char *lstart, const char *lstop);
+static const asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *INTEGER_map_enum2value(
+    const asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs, const char *lstart,
+    const char *lstop);
 
 /*
  * INTEGER specific human-readable output.
  */
 static ssize_t
-INTEGER__dump(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, const INTEGER_t *st, asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key, int plainOrXER) {
-       asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs=(asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
-       char scratch[32];       /* Enough for 64-bit integer */
+INTEGER__dump(const asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, const INTEGER_t *st, asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key, int plainOrXER) {
+    const asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs =
+        (const asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+       char scratch[32];
        uint8_t *buf = st->buf;
        uint8_t *buf_end = st->buf + st->size;
-       signed long accum;
+       intmax_t value;
        ssize_t wrote = 0;
        char *p;
+       int ret;
 
-       /*
-        * Advance buf pointer until the start of the value's body.
-        * This will make us able to process large integers using simple case,
-        * when the actual value is small
-        * (0x0000000000abcdef would yield a fine 0x00abcdef)
-        */
-       /* Skip the insignificant leading bytes */
-       for(; buf < buf_end-1; buf++) {
-               switch(*buf) {
-               case 0x00: if((buf[1] & 0x80) == 0) continue; break;
-               case 0xff: if((buf[1] & 0x80) != 0) continue; break;
-               }
-               break;
-       }
+       if(specs && specs->field_unsigned)
+               ret = asn_INTEGER2umax(st, (uintmax_t *)&value);
+       else
+               ret = asn_INTEGER2imax(st, &value);
 
        /* Simple case: the integer size is small */
-       if((size_t)(buf_end - buf) <= sizeof(accum)) {
+       if(ret == 0) {
                const asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *el;
-               size_t scrsize;
-               int ret;
-               char *scr;
-
-               if(buf == buf_end) {
-                       accum = 0;
-               } else {
-                       accum = (*buf & 0x80) ? -1 : 0;
-                       for(; buf < buf_end; buf++)
-                               accum = (accum << 8) | *buf;
-               }
-
-               el = INTEGER_map_value2enum(specs, accum);
+               el = (value >= 0 || !specs || !specs->field_unsigned)
+                       ? INTEGER_map_value2enum(specs, value) : 0;
                if(el) {
-                       scrsize = el->enum_len + 32;
-                       scr = (char *)alloca(scrsize);
                        if(plainOrXER == 0)
-                               ret = snprintf(scr, scrsize,
-                                       "%ld (%s)", accum, el->enum_name);
+                               return asn__format_to_callback(cb, app_key,
+                                       "%" ASN_PRIdMAX " (%s)", value, el->enum_name);
                        else
-                               ret = snprintf(scr, scrsize,
+                               return asn__format_to_callback(cb, app_key,
                                        "<%s/>", el->enum_name);
                } else if(plainOrXER && specs && specs->strict_enumeration) {
                        ASN_DEBUG("ASN.1 forbids dealing with "
@@ -156,12 +159,12 @@ INTEGER__dump(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, const INTEGER_t *st, asn_app_consume_by
                        errno = EPERM;
                        return -1;
                } else {
-                       scrsize = sizeof(scratch);
-                       scr = scratch;
-                       ret = snprintf(scr, scrsize, "%ld", accum);
-               }
-               assert(ret > 0 && (size_t)ret < scrsize);
-               return (cb(scr, ret, app_key) < 0) ? -1 : ret;
+            return asn__format_to_callback(cb, app_key,
+                                           (specs && specs->field_unsigned)
+                                               ? "%" ASN_PRIuMAX
+                                               : "%" ASN_PRIdMAX,
+                                           value);
+        }
        } else if(plainOrXER && specs && specs->strict_enumeration) {
                /*
                 * Here and earlier, we cannot encode the ENUMERATED values
@@ -176,7 +179,7 @@ INTEGER__dump(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, const INTEGER_t *st, asn_app_consume_by
        /* Output in the long xx:yy:zz... format */
        /* TODO: replace with generic algorithm (Knuth TAOCP Vol 2, 4.3.1) */
        for(p = scratch; buf < buf_end; buf++) {
-               static const char *h2c = "0123456789ABCDEF";
+               const char * const h2c = "0123456789ABCDEF";
                if((p - scratch) >= (ssize_t)(sizeof(scratch) - 4)) {
                        /* Flush buffer */
                        if(cb(scratch, p - scratch, app_key) < 0)
@@ -199,12 +202,11 @@ INTEGER__dump(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, const INTEGER_t *st, asn_app_consume_by
  * INTEGER specific human-readable output.
  */
 int
-INTEGER_print(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, const void *sptr, int ilevel,
-       asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
-       const INTEGER_t *st = (const INTEGER_t *)sptr;
+INTEGER_print(const asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, const void *sptr, int ilevel,
+              asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
+    const INTEGER_t *st = (const INTEGER_t *)sptr;
        ssize_t ret;
 
-       (void)td;
        (void)ilevel;
 
        if(!st || !st->buf)
@@ -218,8 +220,8 @@ INTEGER_print(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, const void *sptr, int ilevel,
 struct e2v_key {
        const char *start;
        const char *stop;
-       asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *vemap;
-       unsigned int *evmap;
+       const asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *vemap;
+       const unsigned int *evmap;
 };
 static int
 INTEGER__compar_enum2value(const void *kp, const void *am) {
@@ -233,7 +235,7 @@ INTEGER__compar_enum2value(const void *kp, const void *am) {
        /* Compare strings */
        for(ptr = key->start, end = key->stop, name = el->enum_name;
                        ptr < end; ptr++, name++) {
-               if(*ptr != *name)
+               if(*ptr != *name || !*name)
                        return *(const unsigned char *)ptr
                                - *(const unsigned char *)name;
        }
@@ -241,8 +243,9 @@ INTEGER__compar_enum2value(const void *kp, const void *am) {
 }
 
 static const asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *
-INTEGER_map_enum2value(asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs, const char *lstart, const char *lstop) {
-       asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *el_found;
+INTEGER_map_enum2value(const asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs, const char *lstart,
+                       const char *lstop) {
+    const asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *el_found;
        int count = specs ? specs->map_count : 0;
        struct e2v_key key;
        const char *lp;
@@ -289,7 +292,7 @@ INTEGER__compar_value2enum(const void *kp, const void *am) {
 }
 
 const asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *
-INTEGER_map_value2enum(asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs, long value) {
+INTEGER_map_value2enum(const asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs, long value) {
        int count = specs ? specs->map_count : 0;
        if(!count) return 0;
        return (asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *)bsearch(&value, specs->value2enum,
@@ -315,59 +318,74 @@ INTEGER_st_prealloc(INTEGER_t *st, int min_size) {
  * Decode the chunk of XML text encoding INTEGER.
  */
 static enum xer_pbd_rval
-INTEGER__xer_body_decode(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr, const void *chunk_buf, size_t chunk_size) {
-       INTEGER_t *st = (INTEGER_t *)sptr;
-       long sign = 1;
-       long value;
+INTEGER__xer_body_decode(const asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr,
+                         const void *chunk_buf, size_t chunk_size) {
+    INTEGER_t *st = (INTEGER_t *)sptr;
+       intmax_t dec_value;
+       intmax_t hex_value = 0;
        const char *lp;
        const char *lstart = (const char *)chunk_buf;
        const char *lstop = lstart + chunk_size;
        enum {
-               ST_SKIPSPACE,
+               ST_LEADSPACE,
                ST_SKIPSPHEX,
                ST_WAITDIGITS,
                ST_DIGITS,
+               ST_DIGITS_TRAILSPACE,
                ST_HEXDIGIT1,
                ST_HEXDIGIT2,
+               ST_HEXDIGITS_TRAILSPACE,
                ST_HEXCOLON,
-               ST_EXTRASTUFF
-       } state = ST_SKIPSPACE;
+               ST_END_ENUM,
+               ST_UNEXPECTED
+       } state = ST_LEADSPACE;
+       const char *dec_value_start = 0; /* INVARIANT: always !0 in ST_DIGITS */
+       const char *dec_value_end = 0;
 
        if(chunk_size)
-               ASN_DEBUG("INTEGER body %d 0x%2x..0x%2x",
-                       chunk_size, *lstart, lstop[-1]);
+               ASN_DEBUG("INTEGER body %ld 0x%2x..0x%2x",
+                       (long)chunk_size, *lstart, lstop[-1]);
+
+       if(INTEGER_st_prealloc(st, (chunk_size/3) + 1))
+               return XPBD_SYSTEM_FAILURE;
 
        /*
         * We may have received a tag here. It will be processed inline.
         * Use strtoul()-like code and serialize the result.
         */
-       for(value = 0, lp = lstart; lp < lstop; lp++) {
+       for(lp = lstart; lp < lstop; lp++) {
                int lv = *lp;
                switch(lv) {
                case 0x09: case 0x0a: case 0x0d: case 0x20:
                        switch(state) {
-                       case ST_SKIPSPACE:
+                       case ST_LEADSPACE:
+                       case ST_DIGITS_TRAILSPACE:
+                       case ST_HEXDIGITS_TRAILSPACE:
                        case ST_SKIPSPHEX:
                                continue;
+                       case ST_DIGITS:
+                               dec_value_end = lp;
+                               state = ST_DIGITS_TRAILSPACE;
+                               continue;
                        case ST_HEXCOLON:
-                               if(xer_is_whitespace(lp, lstop - lp)) {
-                                       lp = lstop - 1;
-                                       continue;
-                               }
-                               break;
+                               state = ST_HEXDIGITS_TRAILSPACE;
+                               continue;
                        default:
                                break;
                        }
                        break;
                case 0x2d:      /* '-' */
-                       if(state == ST_SKIPSPACE) {
-                               sign = -1;
+                       if(state == ST_LEADSPACE) {
+                               dec_value = 0;
+                               dec_value_start = lp;
                                state = ST_WAITDIGITS;
                                continue;
                        }
                        break;
                case 0x2b:      /* '+' */
-                       if(state == ST_SKIPSPACE) {
+                       if(state == ST_LEADSPACE) {
+                               dec_value = 0;
+                               dec_value_start = lp;
                                state = ST_WAITDIGITS;
                                continue;
                        }
@@ -375,57 +393,41 @@ INTEGER__xer_body_decode(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr, const void *chun
                case 0x30: case 0x31: case 0x32: case 0x33: case 0x34:
                case 0x35: case 0x36: case 0x37: case 0x38: case 0x39:
                        switch(state) {
-                       case ST_DIGITS: break;
+                       case ST_DIGITS: continue;
                        case ST_SKIPSPHEX:      /* Fall through */
                        case ST_HEXDIGIT1:
-                               value = (lv - 0x30) << 4;
+                               hex_value = (lv - 0x30) << 4;
                                state = ST_HEXDIGIT2;
                                continue;
                        case ST_HEXDIGIT2:
-                               value += (lv - 0x30);
+                               hex_value += (lv - 0x30);
                                state = ST_HEXCOLON;
-                               st->buf[st->size++] = value;
+                               st->buf[st->size++] = (uint8_t)hex_value;
                                continue;
                        case ST_HEXCOLON:
                                return XPBD_BROKEN_ENCODING;
-                       default:
+                       case ST_LEADSPACE:
+                               dec_value = 0;
+                               dec_value_start = lp;
+                               /* FALL THROUGH */
+                       case ST_WAITDIGITS:
                                state = ST_DIGITS;
+                               continue;
+                       default:
                                break;
                        }
-
-                   {
-                       long new_value = value * 10;
-
-                       if(new_value / 10 != value)
-                               /* Overflow */
-                               return XPBD_DECODER_LIMIT;
-
-                       value = new_value + (lv - 0x30);
-                       /* Check for two's complement overflow */
-                       if(value < 0) {
-                               /* Check whether it is a LONG_MIN */
-                               if(sign == -1
-                               && (unsigned long)value
-                                               == ~((unsigned long)-1 >> 1)) {
-                                       sign = 1;
-                               } else {
-                                       /* Overflow */
-                                       return XPBD_DECODER_LIMIT;
-                               }
-                       }
-                   }
-                       continue;
-               case 0x3c:      /* '<' */
-                       if(state == ST_SKIPSPACE) {
+                       break;
+               case 0x3c:      /* '<', start of XML encoded enumeration */
+                       if(state == ST_LEADSPACE) {
                                const asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *el;
                                el = INTEGER_map_enum2value(
-                                       (asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *)
+                                       (const asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *)
                                        td->specifics, lstart, lstop);
                                if(el) {
                                        ASN_DEBUG("Found \"%s\" => %ld",
                                                el->enum_name, el->nat_value);
-                                       state = ST_DIGITS;
-                                       value = el->nat_value;
+                                       dec_value = el->nat_value;
+                                       state = ST_END_ENUM;
                                        lp = lstop - 1;
                                        continue;
                                }
@@ -443,13 +445,12 @@ INTEGER__xer_body_decode(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr, const void *chun
                                 * places as a decimal value.
                                 * Switch decoding mode. */
                                ASN_DEBUG("INTEGER re-evaluate as hex form");
-                               if(INTEGER_st_prealloc(st, (chunk_size/3) + 1))
-                                       return XPBD_SYSTEM_FAILURE;
                                state = ST_SKIPSPHEX;
+                               dec_value_start = 0;
                                lp = lstart - 1;
                                continue;
                        } else {
-                               ASN_DEBUG("state %d at %d", state, lp - lstart);
+                               ASN_DEBUG("state %d at %ld", state, (long)(lp - lstart));
                                break;
                        }
                /* [A-Fa-f] */
@@ -457,24 +458,23 @@ INTEGER__xer_body_decode(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr, const void *chun
                case 0x61:case 0x62:case 0x63:case 0x64:case 0x65:case 0x66:
                        switch(state) {
                        case ST_SKIPSPHEX:
-                       case ST_SKIPSPACE: /* Fall through */
+                       case ST_LEADSPACE: /* Fall through */
                        case ST_HEXDIGIT1:
-                               value = lv - ((lv < 0x61) ? 0x41 : 0x61);
-                               value += 10;
-                               value <<= 4;
+                               hex_value = lv - ((lv < 0x61) ? 0x41 : 0x61);
+                               hex_value += 10;
+                               hex_value <<= 4;
                                state = ST_HEXDIGIT2;
                                continue;
                        case ST_HEXDIGIT2:
-                               value += lv - ((lv < 0x61) ? 0x41 : 0x61);
-                               value += 10;
-                               st->buf[st->size++] = value;
+                               hex_value += lv - ((lv < 0x61) ? 0x41 : 0x61);
+                               hex_value += 10;
+                               st->buf[st->size++] = (uint8_t)hex_value;
                                state = ST_HEXCOLON;
                                continue;
                        case ST_DIGITS:
                                ASN_DEBUG("INTEGER re-evaluate as hex form");
-                               if(INTEGER_st_prealloc(st, (chunk_size/3) + 1))
-                                       return XPBD_SYSTEM_FAILURE;
                                state = ST_SKIPSPHEX;
+                               dec_value_start = 0;
                                lp = lstart - 1;
                                continue;
                        default:
@@ -484,127 +484,177 @@ INTEGER__xer_body_decode(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr, const void *chun
                }
 
                /* Found extra non-numeric stuff */
-               ASN_DEBUG("Found non-numeric 0x%2x at %d",
-                       lv, lp - lstart);
-               state = ST_EXTRASTUFF;
+               ASN_DEBUG("INTEGER :: Found non-numeric 0x%2x at %ld",
+                       lv, (long)(lp - lstart));
+               state = ST_UNEXPECTED;
                break;
        }
 
        switch(state) {
+       case ST_END_ENUM:
+               /* Got a complete and valid enumeration encoded as a tag. */
+               break;
        case ST_DIGITS:
-               /* Everything is cool */
+               dec_value_end = lstop;
+               /* FALL THROUGH */
+       case ST_DIGITS_TRAILSPACE:
+               /* The last symbol encountered was a digit. */
+        switch(asn_strtoimax_lim(dec_value_start, &dec_value_end, &dec_value)) {
+        case ASN_STRTOX_OK:
+            if(dec_value >= LONG_MIN && dec_value <= LONG_MAX) {
+                break;
+            } else {
+                /*
+                 * We model INTEGER on long for XER,
+                 * to avoid rewriting all the tests at once.
+                 */
+                ASN_DEBUG("INTEGER exceeds long range");
+            }
+            /* Fall through */
+        case ASN_STRTOX_ERROR_RANGE:
+            ASN_DEBUG("INTEGER decode %s hit range limit", td->name);
+            return XPBD_DECODER_LIMIT;
+               case ASN_STRTOX_ERROR_INVAL:
+               case ASN_STRTOX_EXPECT_MORE:
+               case ASN_STRTOX_EXTRA_DATA:
+                       return XPBD_BROKEN_ENCODING;
+               }
                break;
        case ST_HEXCOLON:
+       case ST_HEXDIGITS_TRAILSPACE:
                st->buf[st->size] = 0;  /* Just in case termination */
                return XPBD_BODY_CONSUMED;
        case ST_HEXDIGIT1:
        case ST_HEXDIGIT2:
        case ST_SKIPSPHEX:
                return XPBD_BROKEN_ENCODING;
-       default:
-               if(xer_is_whitespace(lp, lstop - lp)) {
-                       if(state != ST_EXTRASTUFF)
-                               return XPBD_NOT_BODY_IGNORE;
-                       break;
-               } else {
-                       ASN_DEBUG("INTEGER: No useful digits (state %d)",
-                               state);
-                       return XPBD_BROKEN_ENCODING;    /* No digits */
-               }
-               break;
+       case ST_LEADSPACE:
+               /* Content not found */
+               return XPBD_NOT_BODY_IGNORE;
+       case ST_WAITDIGITS:
+       case ST_UNEXPECTED:
+               ASN_DEBUG("INTEGER: No useful digits (state %d)", state);
+               return XPBD_BROKEN_ENCODING;    /* No digits */
        }
 
-       value *= sign;  /* Change sign, if needed */
-
-       if(asn_long2INTEGER(st, value))
+       /*
+        * Convert the result of parsing of enumeration or a straight
+        * decimal value into a BER representation.
+        */
+       if(asn_imax2INTEGER(st, dec_value)) {
+                ASN_DEBUG("INTEGER decode %s conversion failed", td->name);
                return XPBD_SYSTEM_FAILURE;
+        }
 
        return XPBD_BODY_CONSUMED;
 }
 
 asn_dec_rval_t
-INTEGER_decode_xer(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
-       asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void **sptr, const char *opt_mname,
-               const void *buf_ptr, size_t size) {
-
-       return xer_decode_primitive(opt_codec_ctx, td,
+INTEGER_decode_xer(const asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
+                   const asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void **sptr,
+                   const char *opt_mname, const void *buf_ptr, size_t size) {
+    return xer_decode_primitive(opt_codec_ctx, td,
                sptr, sizeof(INTEGER_t), opt_mname,
                buf_ptr, size, INTEGER__xer_body_decode);
 }
 
 asn_enc_rval_t
-INTEGER_encode_xer(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr,
-       int ilevel, enum xer_encoder_flags_e flags,
-               asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
-       const INTEGER_t *st = (const INTEGER_t *)sptr;
+INTEGER_encode_xer(const asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, const void *sptr,
+                   int ilevel, enum xer_encoder_flags_e flags,
+                   asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
+    const INTEGER_t *st = (const INTEGER_t *)sptr;
        asn_enc_rval_t er;
 
        (void)ilevel;
        (void)flags;
        
        if(!st || !st->buf)
-               _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+               ASN__ENCODE_FAILED;
 
        er.encoded = INTEGER__dump(td, st, cb, app_key, 1);
-       if(er.encoded < 0) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+       if(er.encoded < 0) ASN__ENCODE_FAILED;
 
-       _ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+       ASN__ENCODED_OK(er);
 }
 
+#ifndef        ASN_DISABLE_PER_SUPPORT
+
 asn_dec_rval_t
-INTEGER_decode_uper(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx, asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
-       asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void **sptr, asn_per_data_t *pd) {
-       asn_dec_rval_t rval = { RC_OK, 0 };
+INTEGER_decode_uper(const asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
+                    const asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+                    const asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void **sptr,
+                    asn_per_data_t *pd) {
+    const asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs =
+        (const asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+    asn_dec_rval_t rval = { RC_OK, 0 };
        INTEGER_t *st = (INTEGER_t *)*sptr;
-       asn_per_constraint_t *ct;
+       const asn_per_constraint_t *ct;
        int repeat;
 
        (void)opt_codec_ctx;
 
        if(!st) {
                st = (INTEGER_t *)(*sptr = CALLOC(1, sizeof(*st)));
-               if(!st) _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+               if(!st) ASN__DECODE_FAILED;
        }
 
-       if(!constraints) constraints = td->per_constraints;
+       if(!constraints) constraints = td->encoding_constraints.per_constraints;
        ct = constraints ? &constraints->value : 0;
 
        if(ct && ct->flags & APC_EXTENSIBLE) {
                int inext = per_get_few_bits(pd, 1);
-               if(inext < 0) _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+               if(inext < 0) ASN__DECODE_STARVED;
                if(inext) ct = 0;
        }
 
        FREEMEM(st->buf);
+       st->buf = 0;
+       st->size = 0;
        if(ct) {
                if(ct->flags & APC_SEMI_CONSTRAINED) {
                        st->buf = (uint8_t *)CALLOC(1, 2);
-                       if(!st->buf) _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+                       if(!st->buf) ASN__DECODE_FAILED;
                        st->size = 1;
                } else if(ct->flags & APC_CONSTRAINED && ct->range_bits >= 0) {
                        size_t size = (ct->range_bits + 7) >> 3;
                        st->buf = (uint8_t *)MALLOC(1 + size + 1);
-                       if(!st->buf) _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+                       if(!st->buf) ASN__DECODE_FAILED;
                        st->size = size;
-               } else {
-                       st->size = 0;
                }
-       } else {
-               st->size = 0;
        }
 
-       /* X.691, #12.2.2 */
+       /* X.691-2008/11, #13.2.2, constrained whole number */
        if(ct && ct->flags != APC_UNCONSTRAINED) {
-               /* #10.5.6 */
+               /* #11.5.6 */
                ASN_DEBUG("Integer with range %d bits", ct->range_bits);
                if(ct->range_bits >= 0) {
-                       long value = per_get_few_bits(pd, ct->range_bits);
-                       if(value < 0) _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
-                       ASN_DEBUG("Got value %ld + low %ld",
-                               value, ct->lower_bound);
-                       value += ct->lower_bound;
-                       if(asn_long2INTEGER(st, value))
-                               _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+                       if((size_t)ct->range_bits > 8 * sizeof(unsigned long))
+                               ASN__DECODE_FAILED;
+
+                       if(specs && specs->field_unsigned) {
+                               unsigned long uvalue = 0;
+                               if(uper_get_constrained_whole_number(pd,
+                                       &uvalue, ct->range_bits))
+                                       ASN__DECODE_STARVED;
+                               ASN_DEBUG("Got value %lu + low %ld",
+                                       uvalue, ct->lower_bound);
+                               uvalue += ct->lower_bound;
+                               if(asn_ulong2INTEGER(st, uvalue))
+                                       ASN__DECODE_FAILED;
+                       } else {
+                               unsigned long uvalue = 0;
+                               long svalue;
+                               if(uper_get_constrained_whole_number(pd,
+                                       &uvalue, ct->range_bits))
+                                       ASN__DECODE_STARVED;
+                               ASN_DEBUG("Got value %lu + low %ld",
+                                       uvalue, ct->lower_bound);
+                if(per_long_range_unrebase(uvalue, ct->lower_bound,
+                                           ct->upper_bound, &svalue)
+                   || asn_long2INTEGER(st, svalue)) {
+                    ASN__DECODE_FAILED;
+                }
+                       }
                        return rval;
                }
        } else {
@@ -613,20 +663,20 @@ INTEGER_decode_uper(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx, asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
 
        /* X.691, #12.2.3, #12.2.4 */
        do {
-               ssize_t len;
-               void *p;
-               int ret;
+               ssize_t len = 0;
+               void *p = NULL;
+               int ret = 0;
 
                /* Get the PER length */
-               len = uper_get_length(pd, -1, &repeat);
-               if(len < 0) _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+               len = uper_get_length(pd, -1, 0, &repeat);
+               if(len < 0) ASN__DECODE_STARVED;
 
                p = REALLOC(st->buf, st->size + len + 1);
-               if(!p) _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+               if(!p) ASN__DECODE_FAILED;
                st->buf = (uint8_t *)p;
 
                ret = per_get_many_bits(pd, &st->buf[st->size], 0, 8 * len);
-               if(ret < 0) _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+               if(ret < 0) ASN__DECODE_STARVED;
                st->size += len;
        } while(repeat);
        st->buf[st->size] = 0;  /* JIC */
@@ -636,94 +686,143 @@ INTEGER_decode_uper(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx, asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
                /*
                 * TODO: replace by in-place arithmetics.
                 */
-               long value;
+               long value = 0;
                if(asn_INTEGER2long(st, &value))
-                       _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
-               if(asn_long2INTEGER(st, value + ct->lower_bound))
-                       _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+                       ASN__DECODE_FAILED;
+               if(asn_imax2INTEGER(st, value + ct->lower_bound))
+                       ASN__DECODE_FAILED;
        }
 
        return rval;
 }
 
 asn_enc_rval_t
-INTEGER_encode_uper(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
-       asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void *sptr, asn_per_outp_t *po) {
-       asn_enc_rval_t er;
-       INTEGER_t *st = (INTEGER_t *)sptr;
+INTEGER_encode_uper(const asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+                    const asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, const void *sptr,
+                    asn_per_outp_t *po) {
+    const asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs =
+        (const asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+    asn_enc_rval_t er;
+       const INTEGER_t *st = (const INTEGER_t *)sptr;
        const uint8_t *buf;
        const uint8_t *end;
-       asn_per_constraint_t *ct;
+       const asn_per_constraint_t *ct;
        long value = 0;
 
-       if(!st || st->size == 0) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+       if(!st || st->size == 0) ASN__ENCODE_FAILED;
 
-       if(!constraints) constraints = td->per_constraints;
+       if(!constraints) constraints = td->encoding_constraints.per_constraints;
        ct = constraints ? &constraints->value : 0;
 
        er.encoded = 0;
 
        if(ct) {
                int inext = 0;
-               if(asn_INTEGER2long(st, &value))
-                       _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
-               /* Check proper range */
-               if(ct->flags & APC_SEMI_CONSTRAINED) {
-                       if(value < ct->lower_bound)
-                               inext = 1;
-               } else if(ct->range_bits >= 0) {
-                       if(value < ct->lower_bound
-                       || value > ct->upper_bound)
-                               inext = 1;
+               if(specs && specs->field_unsigned) {
+                       unsigned long uval;
+                       if(asn_INTEGER2ulong(st, &uval))
+                               ASN__ENCODE_FAILED;
+                       /* Check proper range */
+                       if(ct->flags & APC_SEMI_CONSTRAINED) {
+                               if(uval < (unsigned long)ct->lower_bound)
+                                       inext = 1;
+                       } else if(ct->range_bits >= 0) {
+                               if(uval < (unsigned long)ct->lower_bound
+                               || uval > (unsigned long)ct->upper_bound)
+                                       inext = 1;
+                       }
+                       ASN_DEBUG("Value %lu (%02x/%" ASN_PRI_SIZE ") lb %lu ub %lu %s",
+                               uval, st->buf[0], st->size,
+                               ct->lower_bound, ct->upper_bound,
+                               inext ? "ext" : "fix");
+                       value = uval;
+               } else {
+                       if(asn_INTEGER2long(st, &value))
+                               ASN__ENCODE_FAILED;
+                       /* Check proper range */
+                       if(ct->flags & APC_SEMI_CONSTRAINED) {
+                               if(value < ct->lower_bound)
+                                       inext = 1;
+                       } else if(ct->range_bits >= 0) {
+                               if(value < ct->lower_bound
+                               || value > ct->upper_bound)
+                                       inext = 1;
+                       }
+                       ASN_DEBUG("Value %ld (%02x/%" ASN_PRI_SIZE ") lb %ld ub %ld %s",
+                               value, st->buf[0], st->size,
+                               ct->lower_bound, ct->upper_bound,
+                               inext ? "ext" : "fix");
                }
-               ASN_DEBUG("Value %ld (%02x/%d) lb %ld ub %ld %s",
-                       value, st->buf[0], st->size,
-                       ct->lower_bound, ct->upper_bound,
-                       inext ? "ext" : "fix");
                if(ct->flags & APC_EXTENSIBLE) {
                        if(per_put_few_bits(po, inext, 1))
-                               _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+                               ASN__ENCODE_FAILED;
                        if(inext) ct = 0;
                } else if(inext) {
-                       _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+                       ASN__ENCODE_FAILED;
                }
        }
 
 
-       /* X.691, #12.2.2 */
+       /* X.691-11/2008, #13.2.2, test if constrained whole number */
        if(ct && ct->range_bits >= 0) {
-               /* #10.5.6 */
-               ASN_DEBUG("Encoding integer with range %d bits",
-                       ct->range_bits);
-               if(per_put_few_bits(po, value - ct->lower_bound,
-                               ct->range_bits))
-                       _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
-               _ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+        unsigned long v;
+               /* #11.5.6 -> #11.3 */
+               ASN_DEBUG("Encoding integer %ld (%lu) with range %d bits",
+                       value, value - ct->lower_bound, ct->range_bits);
+        if(per_long_range_rebase(value, ct->lower_bound, ct->upper_bound, &v)) {
+            ASN__ENCODE_FAILED;
+        }
+        if(uper_put_constrained_whole_number_u(po, v, ct->range_bits))
+            ASN__ENCODE_FAILED;
+               ASN__ENCODED_OK(er);
        }
 
        if(ct && ct->lower_bound) {
                ASN_DEBUG("Adjust lower bound to %ld", ct->lower_bound);
                /* TODO: adjust lower bound */
-               _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+               ASN__ENCODE_FAILED;
        }
 
        for(buf = st->buf, end = st->buf + st->size; buf < end;) {
-               ssize_t mayEncode = uper_put_length(po, end - buf);
-               if(mayEncode < 0)
-                       _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+        int need_eom = 0;
+        ssize_t mayEncode = uper_put_length(po, end - buf, &need_eom);
+        if(mayEncode < 0)
+                       ASN__ENCODE_FAILED;
                if(per_put_many_bits(po, buf, 8 * mayEncode))
-                       _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+                       ASN__ENCODE_FAILED;
                buf += mayEncode;
-       }
+        if(need_eom && uper_put_length(po, 0, 0)) ASN__ENCODE_FAILED;
+    }
 
-       _ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+       ASN__ENCODED_OK(er);
+}
+
+#endif /* ASN_DISABLE_PER_SUPPORT */
+
+static intmax_t
+asn__integer_convert(const uint8_t *b, const uint8_t *end) {
+    uintmax_t value;
+
+    /* Perform the sign initialization */
+    /* Actually value = -(*b >> 7); gains nothing, yet unreadable! */
+    if((*b >> 7)) {
+        value = (uintmax_t)(-1);
+    } else {
+        value = 0;
+    }
+
+    /* Conversion engine */
+    for(; b < end; b++) {
+        value = (value << 8) | *b;
+    }
+
+    return value;
 }
 
 int
-asn_INTEGER2long(const INTEGER_t *iptr, long *lptr) {
+asn_INTEGER2imax(const INTEGER_t *iptr, intmax_t *lptr) {
        uint8_t *b, *end;
        size_t size;
-       long l;
 
        /* Sanity checking */
        if(!iptr || !iptr->buf || !lptr) {
@@ -736,26 +835,26 @@ asn_INTEGER2long(const INTEGER_t *iptr, long *lptr) {
        size = iptr->size;
        end = b + size; /* Where to stop */
 
-       if(size > sizeof(long)) {
+       if(size > sizeof(intmax_t)) {
                uint8_t *end1 = end - 1;
                /*
                 * Slightly more advanced processing,
-                * able to >sizeof(long) bytes,
-                * when the actual value is small
-                * (0x0000000000abcdef would yield a fine 0x00abcdef)
+                * able to process INTEGERs with >sizeof(intmax_t) bytes
+                * when the actual value is small, e.g. for intmax_t == int32_t
+                * (0x0000000000abcdef INTEGER would yield a fine 0x00abcdef int32_t)
                 */
                /* Skip out the insignificant leading bytes */
                for(; b < end1; b++) {
                        switch(*b) {
-                       case 0x00: if((b[1] & 0x80) == 0) continue; break;
-                       case 0xff: if((b[1] & 0x80) != 0) continue; break;
+                               case 0x00: if((b[1] & 0x80) == 0) continue; break;
+                               case 0xff: if((b[1] & 0x80) != 0) continue; break;
                        }
                        break;
                }
 
                size = end - b;
-               if(size > sizeof(long)) {
-                       /* Still cannot fit the long */
+               if(size > sizeof(intmax_t)) {
+                       /* Still cannot fit the sizeof(intmax_t) */
                        errno = ERANGE;
                        return -1;
                }
@@ -767,20 +866,71 @@ asn_INTEGER2long(const INTEGER_t *iptr, long *lptr) {
                return 0;
        }
 
-       /* Perform the sign initialization */
-       /* Actually l = -(*b >> 7); gains nothing, yet unreadable! */
-       if((*b >> 7)) l = -1; else l = 0;
+       *lptr = asn__integer_convert(b, end);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/* FIXME: negative INTEGER values are silently interpreted as large unsigned ones. */
+int
+asn_INTEGER2umax(const INTEGER_t *iptr, uintmax_t *lptr) {
+       uint8_t *b, *end;
+       uintmax_t value;
+       size_t size;
+
+       if(!iptr || !iptr->buf || !lptr) {
+               errno = EINVAL;
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       b = iptr->buf;
+       size = iptr->size;
+       end = b + size;
+
+       /* If all extra leading bytes are zeroes, ignore them */
+       for(; size > sizeof(value); b++, size--) {
+               if(*b) {
+                       /* Value won't fit into uintmax_t */
+                       errno = ERANGE;
+                       return -1;
+               }
+       }
 
        /* Conversion engine */
-       for(; b < end; b++)
-               l = (l << 8) | *b;
+       for(value = 0; b < end; b++)
+               value = (value << 8) | *b;
 
-       *lptr = l;
+       *lptr = value;
        return 0;
 }
 
 int
-asn_long2INTEGER(INTEGER_t *st, long value) {
+asn_umax2INTEGER(INTEGER_t *st, uintmax_t value) {
+    uint8_t *buf;
+    uint8_t *end;
+    uint8_t *b;
+    int shr;
+
+    if(value <= ((~(uintmax_t)0) >> 1)) {
+        return asn_imax2INTEGER(st, value);
+    }
+
+    buf = (uint8_t *)MALLOC(1 + sizeof(value));
+    if(!buf) return -1;
+
+    end = buf + (sizeof(value) + 1);
+    buf[0] = 0; /* INTEGERs are signed. 0-byte indicates positive. */
+    for(b = buf + 1, shr = (sizeof(value) - 1) * 8; b < end; shr -= 8, b++)
+        *b = (uint8_t)(value >> shr);
+
+    if(st->buf) FREEMEM(st->buf);
+    st->buf = buf;
+    st->size = 1 + sizeof(value);
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int
+asn_imax2INTEGER(INTEGER_t *st, intmax_t value) {
        uint8_t *buf, *bp;
        uint8_t *p;
        uint8_t *pstart;
@@ -793,7 +943,7 @@ asn_long2INTEGER(INTEGER_t *st, long value) {
                return -1;
        }
 
-       buf = (uint8_t *)MALLOC(sizeof(value));
+       buf = (uint8_t *)(long *)MALLOC(sizeof(value));
        if(!buf) return -1;
 
        if(*(char *)&littleEndian) {
@@ -824,7 +974,7 @@ asn_long2INTEGER(INTEGER_t *st, long value) {
                break;
        }
        /* Copy the integer body */
-       for(pstart = p, bp = buf, pend1 += add; p != pend1; p += add)
+       for(bp = buf, pend1 += add; p != pend1; p += add)
                *bp++ = *p;
 
        if(st->buf) FREEMEM(st->buf);
@@ -833,3 +983,371 @@ asn_long2INTEGER(INTEGER_t *st, long value) {
 
        return 0;
 }
+
+int
+asn_INTEGER2long(const INTEGER_t *iptr, long *l) {
+    intmax_t v;
+    if(asn_INTEGER2imax(iptr, &v) == 0) {
+        if(v < LONG_MIN || v > LONG_MAX) {
+            errno = ERANGE;
+            return -1;
+        }
+        *l = v;
+        return 0;
+    } else {
+        return -1;
+    }
+}
+
+int
+asn_INTEGER2ulong(const INTEGER_t *iptr, unsigned long *l) {
+    uintmax_t v;
+    if(asn_INTEGER2umax(iptr, &v) == 0) {
+        if(v > ULONG_MAX) {
+            errno = ERANGE;
+            return -1;
+        }
+        *l = v;
+        return 0;
+    } else {
+        return -1;
+    }
+}
+
+int
+asn_long2INTEGER(INTEGER_t *st, long value) {
+    return asn_imax2INTEGER(st, value);
+}
+
+int
+asn_ulong2INTEGER(INTEGER_t *st, unsigned long value) {
+    return asn_imax2INTEGER(st, value);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Parse the number in the given string until the given *end position,
+ * returning the position after the last parsed character back using the
+ * same (*end) pointer.
+ * WARNING: This behavior is different from the standard strtol/strtoimax(3).
+ */
+enum asn_strtox_result_e
+asn_strtoimax_lim(const char *str, const char **end, intmax_t *intp) {
+    int sign = 1;
+    intmax_t value;
+
+    const intmax_t asn1_intmax_max = ((~(uintmax_t)0) >> 1);
+    const intmax_t upper_boundary = asn1_intmax_max / 10;
+    intmax_t last_digit_max = asn1_intmax_max % 10;
+
+    if(str >= *end) return ASN_STRTOX_ERROR_INVAL;
+
+    switch(*str) {
+    case '-':
+        last_digit_max++;
+        sign = -1;
+        /* FALL THROUGH */
+    case '+':
+        str++;
+        if(str >= *end) {
+            *end = str;
+            return ASN_STRTOX_EXPECT_MORE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    for(value = 0; str < (*end); str++) {
+        if(*str >= 0x30 && *str <= 0x39) {
+            int d = *str - '0';
+            if(value < upper_boundary) {
+                value = value * 10 + d;
+            } else if(value == upper_boundary) {
+                if(d <= last_digit_max) {
+                    if(sign > 0) {
+                        value = value * 10 + d;
+                    } else {
+                        sign = 1;
+                        value = -value * 10 - d;
+                    }
+                    str += 1;
+                    if(str < *end) {
+                        // If digits continue, we're guaranteed out of range.
+                        *end = str;
+                        if(*str >= 0x30 && *str <= 0x39) {
+                            return ASN_STRTOX_ERROR_RANGE;
+                        } else {
+                            *intp = sign * value;
+                            return ASN_STRTOX_EXTRA_DATA;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                } else {
+                    *end = str;
+                    return ASN_STRTOX_ERROR_RANGE;
+                }
+            } else {
+                *end = str;
+                return ASN_STRTOX_ERROR_RANGE;
+            }
+        } else {
+            *end = str;
+            *intp = sign * value;
+            return ASN_STRTOX_EXTRA_DATA;
+        }
+    }
+
+    *end = str;
+    *intp = sign * value;
+    return ASN_STRTOX_OK;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Parse the number in the given string until the given *end position,
+ * returning the position after the last parsed character back using the
+ * same (*end) pointer.
+ * WARNING: This behavior is different from the standard strtoul/strtoumax(3).
+ */
+enum asn_strtox_result_e
+asn_strtoumax_lim(const char *str, const char **end, uintmax_t *uintp) {
+    uintmax_t value;
+
+    const uintmax_t asn1_uintmax_max = ((~(uintmax_t)0));
+    const uintmax_t upper_boundary = asn1_uintmax_max / 10;
+    uintmax_t last_digit_max = asn1_uintmax_max % 10;
+
+    if(str >= *end) return ASN_STRTOX_ERROR_INVAL;
+
+    switch(*str) {
+    case '-':
+        return ASN_STRTOX_ERROR_INVAL;
+    case '+':
+        str++;
+        if(str >= *end) {
+            *end = str;
+            return ASN_STRTOX_EXPECT_MORE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    for(value = 0; str < (*end); str++) {
+        if(*str >= 0x30 && *str <= 0x39) {
+            unsigned int d = *str - '0';
+            if(value < upper_boundary) {
+                value = value * 10 + d;
+            } else if(value == upper_boundary) {
+                if(d <= last_digit_max) {
+                    value = value * 10 + d;
+                    str += 1;
+                    if(str < *end) {
+                        // If digits continue, we're guaranteed out of range.
+                        *end = str;
+                        if(*str >= 0x30 && *str <= 0x39) {
+                            return ASN_STRTOX_ERROR_RANGE;
+                        } else {
+                            *uintp = value;
+                            return ASN_STRTOX_EXTRA_DATA;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                } else {
+                    *end = str;
+                    return ASN_STRTOX_ERROR_RANGE;
+                }
+            } else {
+                *end = str;
+                return ASN_STRTOX_ERROR_RANGE;
+            }
+        } else {
+            *end = str;
+            *uintp = value;
+            return ASN_STRTOX_EXTRA_DATA;
+        }
+    }
+
+    *end = str;
+    *uintp = value;
+    return ASN_STRTOX_OK;
+}
+
+enum asn_strtox_result_e
+asn_strtol_lim(const char *str, const char **end, long *lp) {
+    intmax_t value;
+    switch(asn_strtoimax_lim(str, end, &value)) {
+    case ASN_STRTOX_ERROR_RANGE:
+        return ASN_STRTOX_ERROR_RANGE;
+    case ASN_STRTOX_ERROR_INVAL:
+        return ASN_STRTOX_ERROR_INVAL;
+    case ASN_STRTOX_EXPECT_MORE:
+        return ASN_STRTOX_EXPECT_MORE;
+    case ASN_STRTOX_OK:
+        if(value >= LONG_MIN && value <= LONG_MAX) {
+            *lp = value;
+            return ASN_STRTOX_OK;
+        } else {
+            return ASN_STRTOX_ERROR_RANGE;
+        }
+    case ASN_STRTOX_EXTRA_DATA:
+        if(value >= LONG_MIN && value <= LONG_MAX) {
+            *lp = value;
+            return ASN_STRTOX_EXTRA_DATA;
+        } else {
+            return ASN_STRTOX_ERROR_RANGE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    assert(!"Unreachable");
+    return ASN_STRTOX_ERROR_INVAL;
+}
+
+enum asn_strtox_result_e
+asn_strtoul_lim(const char *str, const char **end, unsigned long *ulp) {
+    uintmax_t value;
+    switch(asn_strtoumax_lim(str, end, &value)) {
+    case ASN_STRTOX_ERROR_RANGE:
+        return ASN_STRTOX_ERROR_RANGE;
+    case ASN_STRTOX_ERROR_INVAL:
+        return ASN_STRTOX_ERROR_INVAL;
+    case ASN_STRTOX_EXPECT_MORE:
+        return ASN_STRTOX_EXPECT_MORE;
+    case ASN_STRTOX_OK:
+        if(value <= ULONG_MAX) {
+            *ulp = value;
+            return ASN_STRTOX_OK;
+        } else {
+            return ASN_STRTOX_ERROR_RANGE;
+        }
+    case ASN_STRTOX_EXTRA_DATA:
+        if(value <= ULONG_MAX) {
+            *ulp = value;
+            return ASN_STRTOX_EXTRA_DATA;
+        } else {
+            return ASN_STRTOX_ERROR_RANGE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    assert(!"Unreachable");
+    return ASN_STRTOX_ERROR_INVAL;
+}
+
+int
+INTEGER_compare(const asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, const void *aptr,
+                     const void *bptr) {
+    const INTEGER_t *a = aptr;
+    const INTEGER_t *b = bptr;
+
+    (void)td;
+
+    if(a && b) {
+        if(a->size && b->size) {
+            int sign_a = (a->buf[0] & 0x80) ? -1 : 1;
+            int sign_b = (b->buf[0] & 0x80) ? -1 : 1;
+
+            if(sign_a < sign_b) return -1;
+            if(sign_a > sign_b) return 1;
+
+            /* The shortest integer wins, unless comparing negatives */
+            if(a->size < b->size) {
+                return -1 * sign_a;
+            } else if(a->size > b->size) {
+                return 1 * sign_b;
+            }
+
+            return sign_a * memcmp(a->buf, b->buf, a->size);
+        } else if(a->size) {
+            int sign = (a->buf[0] & 0x80) ? -1 : 1;
+            return (1) * sign;
+        } else if(b->size) {
+            int sign = (a->buf[0] & 0x80) ? -1 : 1;
+            return (-1) * sign;
+        } else {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    } else if(!a && !b) {
+        return 0;
+    } else if(!a) {
+        return -1;
+    } else {
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+}
+
+asn_random_fill_result_t
+INTEGER_random_fill(const asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void **sptr,
+                    const asn_encoding_constraints_t *constraints,
+                    size_t max_length) {
+    const asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs =
+        (const asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+    asn_random_fill_result_t result_ok = {ARFILL_OK, 1};
+    asn_random_fill_result_t result_failed = {ARFILL_FAILED, 0};
+    asn_random_fill_result_t result_skipped = {ARFILL_SKIPPED, 0};
+    INTEGER_t *st = *sptr;
+    const asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *emap;
+    size_t emap_len;
+    intmax_t value;
+    int find_inside_map;
+
+    if(max_length == 0) return result_skipped;
+
+    if(st == NULL) {
+        st = (INTEGER_t *)CALLOC(1, sizeof(*st));
+        if(st == NULL) {
+            return result_failed;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if(specs) {
+        emap = specs->value2enum;
+        emap_len = specs->map_count;
+        if(specs->strict_enumeration) {
+            find_inside_map = emap_len > 0;
+        } else {
+            find_inside_map = emap_len ? asn_random_between(0, 1) : 0;
+        }
+    } else {
+        emap = 0;
+        emap_len = 0;
+        find_inside_map = 0;
+    }
+
+    if(find_inside_map) {
+        assert(emap_len > 0);
+        value = emap[asn_random_between(0, emap_len - 1)].nat_value;
+    } else {
+        const asn_per_constraints_t *ct;
+
+        static const long variants[] = {
+            -65536, -65535, -65534, -32769, -32768, -32767, -16385, -16384,
+            -16383, -257,   -256,   -255,   -254,   -129,   -128,   -127,
+            -126,   -1,     0,      1,      126,    127,    128,    129,
+            254,    255,    256,    257,    16383,  16384,  16385,  32767,
+            32768,  32769,  65534,  65535,  65536,  65537};
+        if(specs && specs->field_unsigned) {
+            assert(variants[18] == 0);
+            value = variants[asn_random_between(
+                18, sizeof(variants) / sizeof(variants[0]) - 1)];
+        } else {
+            value = variants[asn_random_between(
+                0, sizeof(variants) / sizeof(variants[0]) - 1)];
+        }
+
+        if(!constraints) constraints = &td->encoding_constraints;
+        ct = constraints ? constraints->per_constraints : 0;
+        if(ct && (ct->value.flags & APC_CONSTRAINED)) {
+            if(value < ct->value.lower_bound || value > ct->value.upper_bound) {
+                value = asn_random_between(ct->value.lower_bound,
+                                           ct->value.upper_bound);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if(asn_imax2INTEGER(st, value)) {
+        if(st == *sptr) {
+            ASN_STRUCT_RESET(*td, st);
+        } else {
+            ASN_STRUCT_FREE(*td, st);
+        }
+        return result_failed;
+    } else {
+        *sptr = st;
+        result_ok.length = st->size;
+        return result_ok;
+    }
+}